Parts of a Cell

1. Parts of a Cell

2. - Looking Inside Cells Plant and Animal Cells

4. Cell Wall • Plants only • Outer layer, rigid, strong, stiff; made of cellulose • Support, protection, allow movement of materials in and out

5. Cell membrane • Both plants and animal cell • Plant- inside of cell wall • Animals- outer layer; made of cholesterol • Selectively permeable • Support and protection • Controls movement of materials in an out of cell • Barrier between cell and its environment • Maintain homeostasis

6. nucleus • Both • Large, oval • Controls cell activities

7. - Looking Inside Cells Nucleus • The nucleus is the cell’s control center, directing all of the cell’s activities.

8. NUCLEUOLUS • BOTH • INSIDE OF NUCLEUS • HOLDS GENETIC INFO

9. Nuclear membrane • Both • Surrounds nucleus; selectively permeable • Controls movement of materials in/out of nucleus

10. cytoplasm • Both • Clear, thick, jellylike material and organelles found inside cell membrane • Support and protection of cell’s organelles

11. Endoplasmic reticulum • Both • Network of tubes or membranes • Carries materials through cell

12. - Looking Inside Cells Endoplasmic Reticulum • The endoplasmic reticulum is similar to the system of hallways in a building. Proteins and other materials move throughout the cell by way of the endoplasmic reticulum. The spots on this organelle are ribosomes, which produce proteins.

13. ribosomes • Both • Small bodies free or attached to E.R. • Produces proteins

14. mitochondrion • Both • Bean shaped with inner membranes • Breakes down sugar molecules into energy

15. - Looking Inside Cells Mitochondrion • Mitochondria are known as the “powerhouses” of the cell because they convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions.

16. vacuole • Plants have large but only a few • Animals have really small • Fluid filled sacs • Store food, water, waste • Plants need it big to store large amounts of food

17. lysosome • Plants rarely • animals common • small, round, with a membrane • Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller molecules digests old cell parts

18. chloroplast • Plants only • Green, oval usually containing chlorophyll • Uses energy from sun to make food for the plant

19. - Looking Inside Cells Golgi Body • The Golgi bodies receive proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell.