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Urinary System

Urinary System. By: Skylar Caton , Mark Card, Kelsi Foster. Kidney!.

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Urinary System

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  1. Urinary System By: SkylarCaton, Mark Card, Kelsi Foster.

  2. Kidney! • They are an essential part of the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions such as the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid-base balance, and regulation of blood pressure. They serve the body as a natural filter of the blood, and remove wastes which are diverted to the urinary bladder. In producing urine, the kidneys excrete wastes such as urea and ammonium. • In humans, the kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, in a space called the retroperitoneum. There are two, one on each side of the spine • The kidney has a bean-shaped structure, each kidney has concave and convex surfaces. The concave surface, the renal hilum, is the point at which the renal arteryenters the organ, and the renal veinandureter leave. The kidney is surrounded by tough fibrous tissue, the renal capsule, which is itself surrounded by perinephric fat, renal fascia (of Gerota) and paranephric fat. The anterior (front) border of these tissues is the peritoneum, while the posterior (rear) border is the transversalis fascia.

  3. Bladder • Any pouch or other flexible enclosure that can hold liquids or gases but usually refers to the hollow organ in the lower abdomen that stores urine -- the urinary bladder. The kidneys filter waste from the blood and produce urine, which enters the bladder through two tubes called ureters. Urine leaves the bladder through another tube, the urethra. In women, the urethra is a short tube that opens just in front of the vagina. In men, it is longer, passing through the prostate gland and then the penis. • Infectionof the bladder is called cystitis

  4. Ureter • muscular tubes that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. • The ureters cross the pelvic brim near the bifurcation of the iliac arteries (which they run over). • In females, the ureters pass through the mesometriumon the way to the urinary bladder. • Disorders/Medical Problems • Most cancers of the ureter are similar to those in the bladder. They are called transitional cell carcinomas (cancer in the lining of the ureter). In patients with chronic infection or stones, squamous cell carcinoma may also develop (cancer that begins in squamous cells, which are thin, flat cells found in the tissue that forms the lining of the ureter).

  5. Urethra • In anatomy, the urethra is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the genitals for the removal of urine out of the body. In males, the urethra travels through the penis, and carries semen as well as urine. In females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening. • Urethra disorder: condition in which there is a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of the urethra.

  6. Sources • http://www.google.com/images?hl=en&safe=active&q=urethra&um=1&ie=UTF-8&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi • http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5909 • www.wrongdiagnoises.com • http://en.wikipedia.org

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