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Urinary System

Urinary System. Chapter 26. Urinary Components. Functions of Urinary System 1. Kidney Functions 2. Urine transport 3. Urine storage. 4. Excretion. Urinary System – Kidney Functions. 1. Regulate blood ionic composition. 2. Regulate blood pH. 3. Regulate blood volume.

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Urinary System

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  1. Urinary System Chapter 26

  2. Urinary Components Functions of Urinary System 1. Kidney Functions 2. Urine transport 3. Urine storage. 4. Excretion

  3. UrinarySystem – Kidney Functions 1. Regulate blood ionic composition. 2. Regulate blood pH. 3. Regulate blood volume. 4. Regulate blood pressure. 5. Maintain blood osmolarity. 6. Production of hormones. 7. Regulation of blood glucose levels. 8. Excretion of wastes and foreign substances.

  4. Kidney

  5. Kidneys - Location and Protection

  6. Kidney - Internal Anatomy

  7. Blood Flow

  8. Nephron

  9. Nephron

  10. Renal Corpuscle

  11. Histology

  12. Renal Physiology 1. Glomerular Filtration 2. Tubular Reabsorption 3. Tubular Secretion

  13. Glomerular Filtration

  14. Net Filtration Pressure

  15. Regulation of GFR

  16. Regulation of GFR

  17. Composition of Filtrate

  18. Reabsorption Routes

  19. Reabsorption and Secretion in PCT Glucose reabsorption

  20. Reabsorption and Secretion in PCT Na+ reabsorption H+ secretion HCO31- reabsorption

  21. Passive Reabsorption in PCT

  22. Reabsorption in Loop of Henle Na+, K+,Cl-,Ca2+,and Mg2+ are reabsorbed Water reabsorbed in the descending limb

  23. Reabsorption in Early DCT Reabsorbed Na+ and Cl- Ca2+ via parathyroid hormone

  24. Reabsorption in Late DCT and Collecting duct Principal Cells reabsorb Na+ secrete K+ Intercalated Cells reabsorb K+ and HCO31- secrete H+

  25. ADH and Facultative Water Reabsorption

  26. Hormonal Regulation of Reabsorption and Secretion

  27. Formation of Dilute Urine

  28. Mechanism of Urine Concentration

  29. Summary of Urine Formation

  30. Urine Characteristics

  31. Abnormal Urine Characteristics

  32. Ureters & Urinary Bladder

  33. Urethra

  34. Micturition Reflex • Micturition or urination (voiding) • Stretch receptors signal spinal cord and brain • when volume exceeds 200-400 mL • Impulses sent to micturition center in sacral spinal cord (S2 and S3) & reflex is triggered • parasympathetic fibers cause detrusor muscle to contract, external & internal sphincter muscles to relax • Filling causes a sensation of fullness that initiates a desire to urinate before the reflex actually occurs • conscious control of external sphincter • cerebral cortex can initiate micturition or delay its occurrence for a limited period of time

  35. Urinary Incontinence • Lack of voluntary control over micturition • normal in 2 or 3 year olds because neurons to sphincter muscle is not developed • Stress incontinence in adults • caused by increases in abdominal pressure that result in leaking of urine from the bladder • coughing, sneezing, laughing, exercising, walking • injury to the nerves, loss of bladder flexibility, or damage to the sphincter

  36. Disorders and Clinical terms glycosuria hematuria pyuria dysuria polyuria renal failure diuresis Glomerulonephritis Polycystickidney disease stricture renal calculi urinary tract infections

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