The World in 1500

1. The World in 1500 The World As The Great European Explorers Lived In.... The World They Will Impact Mankind Will Never Be The Same

2. Our World Consider: How could you measure how much the Europeans changed the world when they began to explore in 1500? What would that chart? graph? visual? look like....?

3. The World in 1500 Exploring the world, men of 1500 knew of the.... OTTOMAN EMPIRE

4. The largest empire of it’s time. Stretches over 3 continents! For 600 years! They controlled thespice trade. Ottoman Empire

5. Capitol Istanbul Ottoman Empire The Sultan’s staff in his kitchens numbered 1300 people...often preparing great cuisine like salads with rose petals for 1000 people at one dinner

6. Ottoman Empire In the 1500s, the Ottoman Empire was the largest in the world. It was an empire inspired and sustained by Islam, and Islamic institutions. It replaced the Byzantine Empire as the major power in the Eastern Mediterranean. • Suleyman the Magnificent

7. Suleyman the Magnificent • He ruled Ottoman Empire 1520-1566 • The Golden Age of Ottoman history • Strengthened the gov’t and improved justice throughout the empire • He held absolute power, but consulted his advisors and council before making important decisions.

8. Ottoman Janissaries - the first standing army of the Ottoman Empire; specially trained troops; bodyguards to the Sultan. Originally recruited from Christian citizens of the Empire who converted to Islam. They were specially trained and received salaries. Became a unique social class - the gentry of the Empire. They could become the grand vizier- the Sultan’s powerful chief minister and military deputy.

9. How Come They Were So Successful? • Military technology- cannons • In addition to cannons, the Ottoman army equipped soldiers with muskets • This improved battlefield success and eliminated the need for calvary Ottoman Cannon

10. How Come They Were So Successful? • The recipe for success • Highly centralized and fantastic administrative structures • Power was always transferred to a single person, and not split between rival princes (The Ottoman Empire was successfully ruled by a single family for 7 centuries.) • State-run education system • Promotion to positions of power largely depended on merit • Highly pragmatic, took the best ideas from other cultures & making them their own • Encouraged loyalty from other faith groups • Private power and wealth were controlled • Very strong military • Expert in developing gunpowder as a military tool

11. The Suleyman Mosque in Istanbul. At the height of the Ottoman Turkish Empire's power in the 16th century, Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent ordered the construction of this mosque. Surrounding the place of prayer is a great complex of buildings that house schools, a library, a Turkish bath, a public kitchen, a caravanserai, a hospital and shops. This mosque was designed by the architect Sinan the Great and built in the years 1550 to 1557 A.D.

12. The Suleyman Mosque in Istanbul. http://fletcher.tufts.edu/swaic/images/suleyman_mosque.jpg http://www.travel-images.com/turkey100.jpg Islamic faith does not allow the human representation of Allah. His glory is portrayed in more intricate geometric patterns.

13. Bridgette Riley is a modern day artist who creates abstract representational art. One part of your INB homework is to create a Bridgette Riley/Islamic style drawing. Instructions follow on the next slide. slowmuse.wordpress.com

14. INB assignment 1500 Religion. Top half of page: at least one paragraph with supporting evidence from class notes responding to the following prompt (include prompt in your answer): The idea of separation of church and state in the empires of the 1500s would have been unimaginable and possibly foolish. Bottom half of the page. Islamic art does not contain any human representation of Allah; instead his glory is reflected in patterns. Using the style of modern artist Bridgette Riley, create your own representation of Islamic religion. slowmuse.wordpress.com but let’s continue the last of the notes then we will return to this assignment Text step one: place random dots on the paper step two: trace lines across the paper up and over those dots.....over and over and over

15. Europeans are forced to look for new trade routes • As the Ottoman empire expanded, European trade routes were disrupted • The Portuguese sent sailors out across the oceans to search for new trade routes

16. The World in 1500 Exploring the world, men of 1500 knew of the.... MUGHAL EMPIRE

17. An ocean empire The Mughal Empire in 1500 http://www.indianoceanhistory.org/

18. The Mughal Empire in 1500 Babur is the founder of the grand Mughal Empire of the 1500s. and what do you think was the secret to his success?.... moveable artillery gunpowder firearms music: Sajda by Rahat Fateh Ali Khan, Shankar Mahade, etc

19. The Mughal Empire in 1500 They are called Mughal as they came from Persia and before that from northern Mongol China. After centuries of mixing cultures, the great empire of India and Pakistan became known as Mughal

20. What did they bring to the area? The Mughal Empire in 1500 • Centralized government that brought together many smaller kingdoms • Delegated government with respect for human rights • Persian art and culture • Persian language mixed with Arabic and Hindi to create Urdu • Periods of great religious tolerance • A style of architecture (e.g. the Taj Mahal) • A system of education that took account of pupils' needs and culture

21. The Mughal Empire in 1500 Akbar the Great continued building the Mughal Empire. He valued science and education. One of his mechanical engineers built the first autocannon.

22. The Mughal Empire in 1500 Akbar the Great created a magnificent administrative system. All the great wars of this time involved massive amounts of soldiers. What is most essential to a successful large army? Support- food, transportation, uniforms, and weapons. All of this requires a superb administrative form. The Mughal Empire had such a bureaucracy.

23. The Mughal Empire in 1500 johnbatchelorshow.com The Mughal was an empire with religious tolerance. Today that isn’t so. Pakistan is Muslim and India is largely Hindu, and they do not trust each other. Each had nuclear weapons............ http://themoderatevoice.com/wordpress-engine/files/india.pakistan.kargil.jpg

24. INB assignment 1500 Religion. Top half of page: at least one paragraph with supporting evidence from class notes responding to the following prompt (include prompt in your answer): The idea of separation of church and state in the empires of the 1500s would have been unimaginable and possibly foolish. Bottom half of the page. Islamic art does not contain any human representation of Allah; instead his glory is reflected in patterns. Using the style of modern artist Bridgette Riley, create your own representation of Islamic religion. slowmuse.wordpress.com step one: place random dots on the paper step two: trace lines across the paper up and over those dots.....over and over and over

25. The World in 1500 Exploring the world, men of 1500 knew of the.... SAFAVID EMPIRE

26. Today’s Iranian heritage The World in 1500 Fierce warriors. Strong enough to challenge the Ottomans and the Mughals.

27. Today’s Iranian heritage The World in 1500 • The Safavid Empire lasted from 1501-1722 • It covered all of Iran, and parts of Turkey and Georgia • The Safavid Empire was a theocracy • The state religion was Shi'a Islam • All other religions, and forms of Islam were suppressed • The Empire's economic strength came from its location on the trade routes • The Empire made Iran a centre of art, architecture, poetry and philosophy • The capital, Isfahan, is one of the most beautiful cities in the world • The key figures in the Empire were: • Isma'il I • Abbas I • The Empire declined when it became complacent and corrupt

28. The World in 1500 Exploring the world, men of 1500 knew very little of the.... CHINA EMPIRE

29. The China lure.... The World in 1500 The Chinese didn’t need anything from Europe! But they had many items Europeans wanted.... Tea Gunpowder Porcelain rapidshare2download.net rapidshare2download.net

30. The World in 1500 Since the Ming emperors were considered the sons of Heaven, they were, by definition, superior to all other people on earth. They had no interest in the outside world and so this powerful nation, with probably the best technology, intelligence and natural resources, doomed itself to fall behind a rapidly expanding and energetic Europe. By 1900 this will be the land of gunboat diplomacy

31. Exploring the world, men of 1500 knew of the.... The World in 1500 African Trading Kingdoms : Three African kingdoms, Ghana, Mali, and Songhai that were important in the trans-Sahara trade of gold form the west coast of Africa to North Africa and the Middle East. Their trade provided enough wealth to create the conditions necessary for cultural and intellectual achievement. plzucchi.stu.cofc.edu

32. music: I Ka Barra by Habib Koite

33. The World in 1500 What caused these empires to decline? Drought, civil war, and Europeans

34. It is in this first great global stage of the great empires that the Europeans will enter in the 1500s Their impact will alter the world - greatly - and forever change the history of man Mankind Will Never Be The Same

35. INB assignment: • 1. Label global trade routes and make an empire key on blank world map (map shown in following slide) • 2. Divide one page into 5 squares. In each square summarize 5 important notes about each empire (Ottoman, Mughal, Safavid, China, Songhai) include at least one quick draw in each square)