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DEVELOPMENT OF LARGE SCALE SOLAR ENERGY PROJECTS. Seethapathy Chander Chair, Energy Committee Asian Development Bank. CONTENTS. CONTEXT OF SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT RISKS RISK MITIGATION ADB’S POSSIBLE ROLES AND ASSISTANCE. CONTEXT OF SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA. ENERGY DEMAND
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DEVELOPMENT OF LARGE SCALE SOLAR ENERGY PROJECTS Seethapathy Chander Chair, Energy Committee Asian Development Bank
CONTENTS CONTEXT OF SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT RISKS RISK MITIGATION ADB’S POSSIBLE ROLES AND ASSISTANCE
CONTEXT OF SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENTIN ASIA • ENERGY DEMAND • New Demand vs Substitution • ACCESS TO ENERGY • Supply to Remote Locations • ENERGY SECURITY • Relative Costs of Grid Connected Energy • Access to Hydrocarbons • LOAD DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS • Increasing Cooling and Charging Loads Due to Increasing Affluence and Industrialization
RISKS • RISKS • Sponsor Risks • Land Acquisition, Offtake Arrangements • Offtake Creditworthiness • Regulatory • Specification Risks • Government Risks • Public Acceptability – Costs, Procurement Method, Subsidies • Land, Transmission, Water Use • Financier Risks • Overall Project
RISK MITIGATION • LAND ACQUISITION • Best done by Governments • Ensures Specificity of Purpose • Greater Acceptibility by Public • Saves Time • OFFTAKE ARRANGEMENTS • Can be Done by Sponsor, But More Efficient if Done by Government/ Purchasing Utility
RISK MITIGATION • SPECIFICATION RISKS • Need to Specify Insolation Levels to Optimize Site and Obtain Competitive Proposals • However, Long Term Quality Survey Data Not Available in DMCs • Crucial for Project Economics, Especially During the First Few Years • Could be Mitigated Through a Guarantee That Pays Sponsor the Difference Between Specified and Actual For (say) First Five Years of Commercial Operations • Guarantor Could Be Government or Independent Entity
RISK MITIGATION • PUBLIC ACCEPTIBILITY • Current Higher Costs Need to be Explained in Terms of Lower Future Costs • Energy Security • Sharing of Burden Between Regions, Countries • Competitive and Transparent Procurement • Subsidies/ Grants need to be Time Based, Targeted and Explicit
POSSIBLE ADBSUPPORT • PUBLIC SECTOR/ GOVERNMENT • Preparatory Activities • Bid Documentation • Offtake Arrangements • Assistance for Regulatory Reforms • Evaluation of Proposals • Contract Negotiations
POSSIBLE ADB SUPPORT • PRIVATE SECTOR • Small Equity • Long Term Debt • Specification Risk Guarantee • Political Risk Guarantee