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Lessons learnt from assessing eco-efficiency in the field of electric mobility STOA Lunch Debate Brussels , May 07, 2013 Rainer Zah, Quantis Peter de Haan, Ernst Basler + Partner. From Hype to Analysis.
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Lessons learnt from assessing eco-efficiency in the field of electric mobility STOA Lunch Debate Brussels, May 07, 2013Rainer Zah, Quantis Peter de Haan, Ernst Basler+ Partner
From Hype to Analysis Againandagain: hopingfornewmobilitytechnologiesthataresustainablewithoutneedforchangingbehavior: • Electriccarsofthe 90ies • Natural gas cars • Hybrid cars • Hydrogen cars • Electriccarsoftoday … but emobilityis not THE solution… Whenisemobilitypartofthesolution („opportunity“),whenisitpartoftheproblem („risk“)?
Scopeofthestudy • Future development of cars, power supply and user behavior for the years 2012, 2020, 2035 und 2050. • eMobility = electric engine + >50% power from grid: H2-cars and hybrids are excluded Combustionengine
Methods Future developmentofcarcomponents (Literaturestudy) Future developmentof power supply (Gov. Scenarios) Environmental impactassessment Env. Impacts offutureelectriccars (LCA) Emobilitypenetrationmodel (ABM) Env. Impacts of Swiss fleet
Batteriesaskeyfactorforemobilitypenetration range? 500km energydensity on batterylevel (Wh/kg) 150km
Potential developmentofbatterycosts Costs on batterylevel ($/kWh)
Methods Future developmentofcarcomponents Future developmentof power supply Environmental impactassessment Env. Impacts offutureelectriccars Emobilitypenetrationmodel Env. Impacts of Swiss fleet
Development of Life Cycle GHG Emissions 80% <10% ICE BEV greenhouse gas emissionscompact-cars (kg CO2-eq/km)
The roleoftheelectricity mix BEV; certifiedeco-power, CH, real BEV; governmentalscenario, CH, real BEV; consumer mix, CH, real BEV; natural gas power plant , EU, real BEV; consumer mix, EU, real BEV; coal power plant , EU, real ICE; EU-goal 2025, 70g/km CH, NEDC ICE; EU-goal 2025, 70g/km CH, real ICE; Canadianoilsands CH, real Greenhouse gas emissions (g CO2-eq./km)
Methods Future developmentofcarcomponents Future developmentof power supply Environmental impactassessment Env. Impacts offutureelectriccars Emobilitypenetrationmodel Env. Impacts of Swiss fleet
Manyforecastsarehigherthenthetechnicalproductioncapacityofelectriccars!Manyforecastsarehigherthenthetechnicalproductioncapacityofelectriccars! Maximum global productioncapacity
Electricmobility will neverreach 100%;Co-existencewith ICE carseven after 2050 Percentagesales
Methods Future developmentofcarcomponents Future developmentof power supply Environmental impactassessment Env. Impacts offutureelectriccars Emobilitypenetrationmodel Env. Impacts of Swiss fleet
Howare GHG emissionsdeveloping? Greenhouse gas emissionsofthe Swiss individual carfleet relative to 2012
Lessonslearnt… • Focus on efficiencyfor all cars: positive impacts on all aspects. Indirectsupportofelectricmobility. Reducesriskforwrongincentives • Frommineraloiltaxtoroadtax: start smooth transitionsoon. This supports also mixedmobilityforlongdistancedriving. • Focus on recycling: improvecomponentreuseandrecyclingoflithiumand rare metalsfromelectericcars. • Rebound effects:equaltaxes per km. Continuewithtaxesforpossessing a car (even a smallcar).
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