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The Enlightenment

The Enlightenment. Tara Madsen. Path to the Enlightenment. Enlightenment: 18 th century movement of intellectuals who were impressed with the Scientific Revolution They centered all ideas around the word “reason” Reason dealt with logical thinking… . John Locke.

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The Enlightenment

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  1. The Enlightenment Tara Madsen

  2. Path to the Enlightenment • Enlightenment: 18th century movement of intellectuals who were impressed with the Scientific Revolution • They centered all ideas around the word “reason” • Reason dealt with logical thinking…

  3. John Locke • Argued that every person was born with a tabula rasa… this just means a blank mind • He thought that people were molded and shaped by their environment and experiences • John Locke developed the Social Compact Theory… see board for explanation

  4. Isaac Newton • Believed that the world worked like a giant machine and operated according to natural laws… these laws could be uncovered through investigation • Example: law of gravity

  5. Montesquieu • A French noble who is famous for his work The Spirit of the Laws which was a study of governments. • Montesquieu identified three types of governments 1. Republics 2. Despotism 3. Monarchies • Montesquieu also pushed for the idea of a separation of powers… In this model, a government has different branches that “check” each other’s power.

  6. Voltaire • Strongly critical of Christianity and pushed for religious tolerance • He was from Paris, France • From a prosperous, middle class family

  7. Diderot • Went to the University of Paris • Became a writer, studying many subjects and languages • Diderot’s major contribution was the Encyclopedia which quickly spread Enlightenment ideas throughout France

  8. Smith on Economics • Adam Smith: Wrote Wealth of Nations • In his writing, he suggests that the only way to properly run an economy is by a technique known as laissez-faire (meaning to leave alone) • In his book, he discusses three things that drive the economy… 1. Competition 2. The Free Market 3. Capitalism

  9. Other Enlightenment Thinkers • Mary Wollstonecraft… English writer… Enlightenment figure who pushed for Women’s Rights • John Wesley… Anglican minister… Father of the Methodist Church

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