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International Diplomacy

International Diplomacy. International College Khon Kaen University 2011 Week 11 – Diplomatic Negotiation. Diplomatic Negotiation. Negotiation and communication are the most important activities in international diplomacy

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International Diplomacy

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  1. International Diplomacy International College KhonKaen University 2011 Week 11 – Diplomatic Negotiation

  2. Diplomatic Negotiation • Negotiation and communication are the most important activities in international diplomacy • Any diplomat, to succeed, must be able to communicate and negotiate effectively • All four major functions of a diplomat (communication, negotiation, representation and administration) require very good communication and negotiation skills

  3. Diplomatic Negotiation • Diplomatic negotiation: “The process of seeking agreement between representatives of two or more states on a point which is either of shared concern or at issue between them” • The aim of negotiation is to find a solution that is acceptable to both (or all) parties and allows both parties to feel that they have won (a “win-win” outcome)

  4. Diplomatic Negotiation • The main method used to achieve success in any negotiation is for the parties to exchange concessions • This normally involves each party getting some satisfaction on the issue (or issues) which is most important to it • The negotiation is most difficult when there is only one issue, or when both parties want exactly the same “prize” from the negotiation

  5. Diplomatic Negotiation – The Process • In structure, diplomatic negotiation typically has three stages: • Pre-negotiations • Formula stage • Details stage • But in negotiation strategy, style and behavior there are major cultural differences between negotiators from different parts of the world

  6. Diplomatic Negotiation – Pre-negotiations • Pre-negotiations are often conducted by correspondence, through embassies or through intermediaries – not face-to-face • Purpose of pre-negotiation stage is to establish if the parties are willing and ready to sit down and talk • Three key issues at this stage: • agreement on the need for negotiations • agreement on what is to be negotiated (agenda) • agreement on process and timing

  7. Diplomatic Negotiation – Formula Stage • This, and the third stage of negotiations, are most often conducted face-to-face • Formula stage is more formal than the pre-negotiation stage and is designed to help smooth the final stage of detailed negotiations • Purpose is to agree in broad terms on the structure and shape of the negotiation: • Chapter headings of the final document • Principles to be followed • Formulas, not actual numbers

  8. Diplomatic Negotiation – Details Stage • This stage forms the heart of the negotiation, and is generally the most difficult • This is where the details are filled in: • actual numbers and dates • definitions • specific implementation details • verification mechanisms • dispute resolution mechanisms • This stage often involves larger delegations, including specialists

  9. Diplomatic Negotiation

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