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Introduction and Key Terms of Cultural Geography

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Introduction and Key Terms of Cultural Geography

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    1. Introduction and Key Terms of Cultural Geography Definition of Cultural Geography Fundamental Concepts

    2. What is CULTURE?

    3. What is CULTURE? Culture is learned behavior that is passed on by imitation, instruction, and example. Culture is almost entirely relative. Proper behavior and traditions shift from culture to culture. U.S. current problems: 1) little shared culture 2) no one is teaching culture For example: sex education - Home? School? Note: experiencing another culture is useful for gaining perspective on your own. Candidate for harshest punishment in history? Banishment in so-called “primitive” cultures.

    4. Geographic Importance of Culture Geographers study culture because it leaves dramatic imprints on the earth, both physical and cultural. Language: a crystal ball into culture. Religion: strongest determinant of ethics. Nationalism and Borders Material Culture: tools, clothes, toys, etc. Architecture: Suburban garages vs. earlier porches

    5. Spatial Distribution Definition: the location and arrangement of a phenomenon across space. Includes: Density: the frequency with which something occurs in a given area. Concentration: the extent to which it is focused in clusters or, alternately, evenly dispersed across space. Pattern: a geometric or regular arrangement of the phenomenon across space.

    16. Key Concepts REGION - an area that shares common characteristics Formal - whole area shares essential uniformity across the space (i.e., City of Glendale) Functional – the region is defined by some activity or function or process (i.e. cell phone coverage, English speaking countries, etc.) Vernacular – common perception of cultural identity (i.e.,“Deep South”)

    17. Formal Regions - whole area shares essential uniformity across the space.

    18. Functional Regions

    19. Functional Region

    21. Vernacular Regions

    22. Spatial Analysis Geographers search for patterns in the distribution and movement of human activities and environmental processes.

    24. Spatial Analysis: Crime Mapping

    25. Diffusion

    26. Diffusion

    28. Diffusion

    29. Tobler’s 1st Law of Geography All things are related. However, all other things being equal, those things that are closest together are more related. Related Concepts: Distance Decay Friction of Distance

    31. Space Latitude and Longitude - a reference system designed to provide “absolute” location (as opposed to relative locations). Parallels of Latitude Meridians of Longitude Glendale College is located at 34 10 03 N 118 13 41 W

    33. Place and Sense of Place Every place is unique. Imagine where you lived as a child. What made that special? Sensory Architecture Symbolic Humanistic Geography - values the individual perspective. Place and Placelessness (Relph, 1978)

    36. The Cultural Landscape The result of the natural environment and all of the changes to it as a result of a particular culture. (Carl Sauer) Environmental Determinism: environment is primary determinant of culture. Possibilism: humans are primary determinant of culture.

    42. Geography and Politics Historically tied to Military Functions: Role in Colonization Role in Imperialism Role in Cold War Historically Ethnocentric Historically Patriarchal

    43. Key Concepts: Core-Periphery Core (Devoloped Countries ) U.S., Europe, Japan, Australia Wealthy Powerful Control Media and Finance Technologically advanced Periphery (Less Developed Countries) Poor Dependent upon Core countries for: Education Technology Media Military Equipment Financing

    49. Globalization The increasing interconnectedness of different parts of the world through common processes of economic, political, and cultural change. The economic, cultural, and environmental effects of globalization are highly contested.

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