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Managing Print as a System-Wide Resource. Constance Malpas Program Officer OCLC Research Librarians Association of the University of California Fall Assembly 3 December 2008, UCSF. Regional. National Infrastructure: Academic Collections. Aggregate collection of >60M vols.
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Managing Print as a System-Wide Resource Constance Malpas Program Officer OCLC Research Librarians Association of the University of California Fall Assembly 3 December 2008, UCSF
Regional National Infrastructure: Academic Collections Aggregate collection of >60M vols 9% of US academic library holdings >8 % of aggregate ARL collection of unique print books (>.5M titles) N = 649,809,508 US ARL and other university library holdings in WorldCat (Sept. 2008)
5 facilities 1.7M vols. 41% full 9 facilities 2M vols. 69% full Academic Library Storage Infrastructure 1 facility .5M vols. 47% full 14 facilities 1.2M vols. 78% full 5 facilities 1.5M vols. 59% full 3 facilities 1.3M vols. 55% full 7 facilities 2.9M vols. 71% full 10 facilities 1.5 M vols. 65% full 2 facilities .5M vols. 24% full
>35 million volumes; >184,000 print journals Aggregate collection growth 1.94% p.a. Large volume of inter-lending between campuses Nonetheless reliant on external library partners UC Libraries . . . . . . a system within a system >50M volumes by 2020 a highly interdependent system UC libraries borrowed >37K books from external sources in 2006-07
Measuring and Managing Redundancy UC System – W. Cooper et al. (1975) Cooper, et al. (1975) SUNY – G. Evans et al. (1977) 87% unique, based 3 months of cataloging activity University of Wisconsin – B. Moore et al. (1982) 68-82% unique, depending on imprint date ARL Libraries – A. Perrault et al. (1994) 27% decline in monographic acquisitions over 4 years
A “Unique” Value Proposition • Google 5 Analysis (2005) - limited overlap in aggregate print book collection • Global Resources Report (2007) – limited redundancy in ARL holdings of non-North American imprints • New York Art Resources Consortium (2008) – ‘uniqueness is common’ in art history collections • Last Copies (2006-2008) – significant proportion of system-wide book collection is ‘uniquely held’ An increasingly nuanced approach to measuring uniqueness and assessing its value as a network resource
Long Tail Library Dynamics Six years of monographic borrowing at an ARL institution 56% of titles borrowed are held by <50 libraries Holding Libraries N = 37,214 transactions Titles Borrowed Lavoie, Massie (2008)
Long Tail Library Dynamics Six years of monographic borrowing at an ARL institution Titles requested once only Titles requested more than once What does this tell us about demand-based requirements for redundancy in system-wide holdings? N = 37,214 transactions Lavoie, Massie (2008)
4.5 Holdings Overlap – a longitudinal view Average No. of Copies Publication Date O’Neill et al. (2008)
Holdings vs. Circulation ~50% of titles in the collections have circulated at all O’Neill et al. (2008)
Usage Distribution – an 80 : 20 rule? … 7 rule? 6.5% of titles in aggregate collection account for 80% of annual circulation Annual Circulation Cf. Kent (1978) 40% of monographic collection will never circulate Number of Manifestations O’Neill et al. (2008)
Managing Risk – A System-wide Approach But … average holdings for serial titles in WorldCat = 13 average holdings for books in WorldCat = 9, or a preservation horizon of 50 yrs @ 0.999999 …and up to 40% of book titles have a single institution holding so de-duplication opportunities may be less than imagined . . . and risks of uncoordinated action significantly higher as at-risk titles are withdrawn C. Yano, Preliminary Results presented at ALCTS CCDO (June 2008)
What is To Be Done? • Improved disclosure of extant archiving commitments • UC Shared Print, LARRP, regional last copies… • Streamlined workflows for identifying and claiming titles for prospective and/or retrospective preservation • Risk factors, value indicators • Further study of aggregate and longitudinal usage of at-risk titles • Business model for aggregating supply and demand of long-tail resources • Monitor impact of mass digitization on use of print collection