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Lesson Two-City States and Greek Culture

Lesson Two-City States and Greek Culture. City States. After defeat, Greeks began building again and trade was growing. Villages were growing into towns and then joined one another to form city-states. Built walled fortresses for protection from invaders.

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Lesson Two-City States and Greek Culture

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  1. Lesson Two-City States and Greek Culture

  2. City States • After defeat, Greeks began building again and trade was growing. • Villages were growing into towns and then joined one another to form city-states. • Built walled fortresses for protection from invaders. • This walled fortress, acropolis, became the center for daily life.

  3. City States • At first, kings or tyrants ruled the city states. • Eventually the people developed their own way of governing. • Aristocracy vs. assembly • City states grew and were overcrowded so people had to relocate spreading Greek culture and customs throughout the region. • Rivals eventually grew. Sparta vs. Athens-cartoon

  4. Athens • Main city state in Attica. • Required young men only to serve in army in time of war. • Encouraged people to take part in community decisions which grew into the system of democracy. • By 500 BC every free male over 20 could vote.

  5. Athens Way of Life • Trouble makers could be exiled from Athens for 10 years. • Women could not vote-were not considered citizens • Since slaves were majority of population and were not considered citizens, they allowed their “masters” to take part in democracy.

  6. Sparta Sparta • The most fearsome fighters came from the town of Sparta • formed a military culture for both girls and boys • Simple life & Everyone ate together • Spartans were rarely allowed to travel outside-no trading • Way of life changed little through the years

  7. Spartan Government • Had two kings but had little authority except in war time. • Five wealthy landowners controlled government (oligarchy) • This group made all decisions for Sparta. • Spartan government most admired in all of Greece.

  8. Spartan Children • Children were taken from parents at age 7. • Girls returned after several years, boys trained for war until age 30. • Boys were not freed from army duty until age 60.

  9. Spartan Men • Taught that losing was a disgrace. • Dieing in battle was the ultimate sacrifice. • Taught to obey their leaders without question. Clip

  10. Spartan Women • Had fewer rights than men but more than women in other cities. • They ran the home, conducted business, and owned land-things that were unthinkble in other cities. Clip

  11. Hellen- Cultural Identity • All Greeks called themselves Hellenes • Believed they had a common ancestor with this hero • Myth was that Hellen alone survived a flood long ago

  12. The Olympics • First games were held in 776 BC. • As many as 40,000 people attended • Greeks met every 4 years to compete to honor zeus • First competition was a short sprint • Women were not allowed to observe events • Later more events were added like discus toss and chariot races Clip Virtual Tour

  13. Greek Alphabet • Common written language • Helped bring city-states closer • Based on Phoenician alphabet • Our word alphabet comes from these Greek letters Comparing Alphabets

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