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Measurement and Units

Measurement and Units. Seven Fundamental SI Units of Measurement. Measurement and Units. Measurement and Units. Some Prefixes for Multiples of SI Units. Measurement and Units. Measurement and Units. Some Derived Quantities. Measurement and Units.

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Measurement and Units

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  1. Measurement and Units • Seven Fundamental SI Units of Measurement.

  2. Measurement and Units

  3. Measurement and Units • Some Prefixes for Multiples of SI Units.

  4. Measurement and Units

  5. Measurement and Units • Some Derived Quantities.

  6. Measurement and Units • Densityrelates the mass of an object to its volume. • Density decreases as a substance is heated because the substance’s volume increases. • Knowing the density of a substance allows measurements in volume to be recorded in mass.

  7. Measurement and Units

  8. Measurement and Units • Densities of Some Common Materials.

  9. Measurement and Units • What is the density of glass (in grams per cubic centimeter) if a sample weighing 26.43 g has a volume of 12.40 cm3? • Chloroform, a substance once used as an anesthetic, has a density of 1.483 g/mL at 20°C. How many mL would you use if you needed 9.37 g?

  10. Measurement and Units

  11. Measurement and Units • Temperature Conversions: • The Kelvin and Celsiusdegree are essentially the same because both are one hundredth of theinterval between freezing and boiling points of water.

  12. Measurement and Units • Temperature Conversions: • • Celsius (°C) — Kelvin temperature conversion: • Kelvin (K) = °C + 273.15 • • Fahrenheit (°F) — Celsius temperature conversions:

  13. Measurement and Units • Carry out the indicated temperature conversions: • (a) –78°C = ? K • (b) 158°C = ? °F • (c) 375 K = ? °C • (d) 98.6°F = ? °C • (e) 98.6°F = ? K

  14. English System of Units Volume: Gallon (gal) = 4 quarts (qt) = 8 pints (pt) = 128 fluid ounces (fl oz) Length: Mile (mi) = 1760 yards (yd) = 5280 feet (ft) = 63360 inches (in) Mass: 1 ton = 2000 pounds (lb) = 32000 ounces (oz)

  15. ´ Original Quantity Conversion Factor = Equivalent Quantity Example : Express 2.50 kg in lb . 2.205 lb Conversion Factor : 1.00 kg = 2.205 lb arranged as 1.00 kg 2.205 lb \ 2.50 kg = 6.00 lb ( correct to 3 significant figures ) ´ 1.00 kg Measurement and Units • Dimensional-Analysis method uses a conversion factor to express the relationship between units.

  16. Common Conversion Factors 2.54 cm = 1 in 454 g = 1 lb 0.946 L = 1 qt 1 mL = 1 cm3 = 1 g water

  17. Ball Park Conversion Factors 1 m ~ 1 yd 1 L ~ 1 qt 1 kg ~ 2 lb

  18. Conversion Factors

  19. Conversion Factors

  20. Conversion Factors • The volcanic explosion that destroyed Krakatau on August 17, 1883, released an estimated 4.3 cubic miles (mi3) of debris into the atmosphere. In SI units, how many cubic meters (m3) were released?

  21. Conversion Factors • How many meters are there in a marathon race (26 miles and 385 yd)? • How large, in cubic centimeters, is the volume of a red blood cell if the cell has a circular shape with a diameter of 6.0 x 10–6 m and a height of 2.0 x 10–6 m?

  22. Interesting Conversion Problem

  23. Interesting Conversion Problem

  24. Interesting Conversion Problem • A test rat weighs 512 g • The rat begins to eat Bayer Aspirin tablets 1 at a time. • How many tablets (on average) will have been consumed when the rat dies?

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