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THE NEW REPUBLIC

THE NEW REPUBLIC. 1789-1816. INTRODUCTION QUESTION. Which of the following statements do you most agree with (Circle One) Political parties are inevitable(unavoidable) in a republic. Political parties are necessary to main a free and open democracy.

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THE NEW REPUBLIC

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  1. THE NEW REPUBLIC 1789-1816

  2. INTRODUCTION QUESTION • Which of the following statements do you most agree with (Circle One) • Political parties are inevitable(unavoidable) in a republic. • Political parties are necessary to main a free and open democracy. • Political parties are divisive(troublesome) and destructive to national unity.

  3. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • What is the difference between an administration & a Cabinet? • Administration – all members of the executive branch • Cabinet - refers to heads of major departments who advise the President

  4. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • What precedent did George Washington set for future Presidents? • He formed a Cabinet of department heads to advise him. • Department of State, Treasury, War, and Attorney General.

  5. PRESIDENTIAL CABINET • Vice President of the United States • Department of State • Department of the Treasury • Department of Defense • Department of Justice • Department of the Interior • Department of Agriculture • Department of Commerce • Department of Labor • Department of Health and Human Services • Department of Housing and Urban Development • Department of Transportation • Department of Energy • Department of Education • Department of Veterans Affairs • Department of Homeland Security

  6. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • If you were President, how would you pick your Cabinet?

  7. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • What is a purpose of a tariff? • Tariff = tax on imported goods • To raise revenue for the government & encourage U.S. businesses by making foreign goods more expensive

  8. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • What were the two economic problems facing the country in 1789? • Debts & Instability

  9. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • What are political parties? • Organization of people that seeks to win elections & hold public office in order to shape government unity.

  10. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • How did Hamilton’s views (Federalist) affect his role as a Secretary of Treasury? • He believed in a strong central government & pushed for greater federal influence over the economy.

  11. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER

  12. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • Why do you think Antifederalist might be against a National Bank? • It would give federal government control over the state banks.

  13. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • Why did Hamilton want to add to the national debt? • He wanted to stabilize the economy first, which required increasing the debt to pay off earlier debt and give the nation financial credibility. • National Debt: http://www.brillig.com/debt_clock/

  14. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • Which side did Congress support – Jefferson’s or Hamilton’s? • Alexander Hamilton

  15. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • Why did Washington support Hamilton’s response to the Whiskey Rebellion? • Washington believed that the federal government needed to demonstrate that it would uphold the law.

  16. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • How did the Whiskey Rebellion influence the creation of political parties? • Political groups called Democratic Societies had supported the rebellion. These clubs became the basis for the Democratic Republican Party.

  17. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER • What were the first American political parties? • Federalists & Democratic Republicans • Who were the leaders? • Federalists: John Adams & Alexander Hamilton • Democratic Republicans: Thomas Jefferson & James Madison

  18. The New Republic (1789-1816) • Two-Party System Emerges • FEDERALISTS • Led by Alexander Hamilton/John Adams • Strong central government • Base economy on industry & trade • Pro-British • Loose construction of Constitution

  19. The New Republic (1789-1816) • Two-Party System Emerges • DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS • Led by Thomas Jefferson/James Madison • States should have more power • Economy based on farming • Pro-French • Strict construction of Constitution

  20. The New Republic (1789-1816) • How did the debate over the role of government lead to the formation of political parties? • Divided over issues of how much power federal government should have. • Federalists – strong central govt. Democratic-Republicans – states should have the power

  21. The New Republic (1789-1816) • The Struggle Over Foreign Policy • NATIVE AMERICANS • Battle of Fallen Timbers • Federal troops defeated Native Americans • Treaty of Greenville – gave Ohio to U.S. government & opened Northwest Territory to settlement

  22. The New Republic (1789-1816) • The Struggle Over Foreign Policy • BRITISH • British provided arms to Native Americans; opposed U.S. expansion • Britain & France at war in 1793 • U.S. too weak & dependent on Britain for trade; REMAINED NEUTRAL

  23. The New Republic (1789-1816) • The Struggle Over Foreign Policy • FRENCH • U.S. too weak; REMAINED NEUTRAL • Democratic Republicans favored French Revolution • Federalists did NOT support French Revolution

  24. The New Republic (1789-1816) Who was Little Turtle? Native American military leaders. Won battles against U.S. forces in the 1790s

  25. The New Republic (1789-1816 Why was Battle of Fallen Timbers significant? Opened Northwest Territory to U.S. settlement

  26. The New Republic (1789-1816) • How did the British encourage conflict in the Northwest Territory? Provided arms & ammunitions to Native American groups

  27. The New Republic (1789-1816) • Why did the British want to limit U.S. settlement in the area? British hoped to regain control of the land

  28. The New Republic (1789-1816) • What was the French Revolution? • Republican uprising Against the French Monarchy; began in 1789

  29. The New Republic (1789-1816) Federalists: • Opposed; revolution out to destroy religion & social order • Afraid Democratic Republicans could do the same

  30. The New Republic (1789-1816) • DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS • Supported but not violence

  31. The New Republic (1789-1816) • On what did the two parties agree? • Stay neutral in war between Britain & France

  32. The New Republic (1789-1816) • How did the views on the French Revolution reflect the philosophies of the parties? Federalists: • Strong central government • Revolutionaries had no respect for order • Stability

  33. The New Republic (1789-1816) • How did the views on the French Revolution reflect the philosophies of the parties? Democratic Republicans: • Weak central government • Protect human rights • Distrust of strong government

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