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Environment and Sustainable Development

Environment and Sustainable Development. DST 100. Conditions within which organisms live, It is the result of interaction between living and non living parameters Non living chemical and physical parameters or a biotic Living parameters or biotic. Definition :Environment.

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Environment and Sustainable Development

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  1. Environment and Sustainable Development DST 100 Eulalia Enviroment

  2. Eulalia Enviroment

  3. Eulalia Enviroment

  4. Eulalia Enviroment

  5. Eulalia Enviroment

  6. Conditions within which organisms live, • It is the result of interaction between living and non living parameters • Non living chemical and physical parameters or a biotic • Living parameters or biotic Definition :Environment Eulalia Enviroment

  7. All external conditions affecting life, development and organisms survival • Environment can be defined as the external conditions and influences affecting the life and development of an organism. Environment Eulalia Enviroment

  8. Biotic: Living side of the environment • A biotic Non living component of the environment • Eco Environment quality Concepts used in Environment Eulalia Enviroment

  9. Ecology • Interrelatedness of living organisms with each other and with their environment • Eco system • A community of living organisms that are interacting with one another and with their physical environment Concepts used in Environment Eulalia Enviroment

  10. Species • Group of organisms that can interbreed successfully to produce fertile off spring • Biodiversity • Contraction of the word biological biodiversity. It means variability among organisms at all levels eg species variations, community variations Concepts used in Environment Eulalia Enviroment

  11. Environmental elements are : • Air and its components • Land and its components • Vegetation • Animals • Micro organisms • Water Environment Components Eulalia Enviroment

  12. Q Discuss the relationship between poverty and environment • Resources from the environment provide livelihoods and play different • Roles in different economic sectors agriculture, mining, tourism industry), Environment and Development Eulalia Enviroment

  13. Environment provides construction materials, fuel wood, medicine water and food. • The environment is thus linked to development in different ways and in a contradictory way. Environment and Dev.(Cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  14. In the process of development social, economic challenges facing the human beings are taken into account so that capacity of the environment to carry the challenges are taken into consideration. Q • Discuss environmental contradictions encountered in the process of development Environment and Dev.(Cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  15. Environment provides resources for human dev.(land , minerals ,forestswater) • Development converts the environment into further usable forms, • These forms alters and limits further opportunities for future development • Thus two relationships views of SD (positive and negative) Conclude using the IPAT model (slide16) Environmental use contradictions Eulalia Enviroment

  16. IPAT model advocates the joint function of humanity and other organisms in environmental mismanagement and hence its destruction • I=Impact of human and other living organisms on environment • P=Population • A= Affluence (consumption per capita) • T=Technology IPAT model Eulalia Enviroment

  17. Means development that lasts. • Development that meets the needs of present generation without compromising/endangering the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs. Sustainable Development (SD)Concept Eulalia Enviroment

  18. Social Goals Sustains institutions , improves justice and encourages participation • Economic Goals Ensures basic needs, equity and employment opportunities • Environmental Goals Maintains genetic diversity which maximizes productiviy and renewal What makes SD Eulalia Enviroment

  19. Human activity that nourishes and perpetuates the historical fulfilments of the whole community life on earth. • Activity should balance economic, social, and environmental benefits through implementation of development policies, programs, and projects that will enhance one type of benefit without jeopardising benefits of others Sustainable Development (cont…) Eulalia Enviroment

  20. Population in most African countries double within 20-30 years but does not match with progress in production technology. • Degradation of natural resource reduces productivity of the poor who rely on them. • Poor can hardly manage environment. Challenges of Sustainable Development Eulalia Enviroment

  21. About 2/3 of population in sub-Saharan Africa live in rural areas relying on agriculture hence degrade land. • Potentials for irrigation are limited hence resulting to high risk of drought. • Overgrazing – 20% of land productivity is lost. • Deforestation continues such that forests are receding by 3-4 million hectares /year. • Continued loss of natural inhabitants. Challenges of Sustainable Development (cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  22. Cities provides economic opportunities but impart some challenge on environment e.g. health consequences, waste management, competition for insufficient social services like water supply, education transport system etc. • Effects of migrants include refugees. Challenges of Sustainable Development (cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  23. Evolution of market economies which are not supported by relevant environmental policies and regulations. • Political transition in an extremely fragmented continent; have suffered breakdown of order due to war/social unrest. It also limits the capacity of each country to deal with its own countries environmental concerns. Challenges of Sustainable Development (cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  24. Environmental Planning has been defined as the analysis of how people impact natural resources in the process of harnessing nature for their livelihoods. • Decisions made regarding development and conservation, zoning, and land use may have visible and invisible impacts on the environment. • Environmental planning is also a study which guides the society on how to take car and manage its resources and those of the planet as a whole Environmental Planning Eulalia Enviroment

  25. Integrating the public sector as well as private sectors in planning taking into consideration the environmental concerns • Protecting natural resources for future generations, Environmental Planning Activities Eulalia Enviroment

  26. Identifying problem areas erosion hazards, and threatened sensitive areas • Developing strategies for correcting those problems. • Coordination of public education for new and changing environmental acts, policies and regulations; Environmental Planning Activities (Cont…) Eulalia Enviroment

  27. loss of natural areas • Loss of wildlife and other living organisms , • contamination of land, • water pollution • air pollution • Noise pollution Environment Degradation Eulalia Enviroment

  28. Environment al Degradation is caused by the social economic, institutional and technological human activities • Environmental changes are a result of: Growth, urbanization, intensification of agriculture, increased energy use and transportation The impact of HA on the Environment Eulalia Enviroment

  29. In the process of using land, the earths surface is damaged through: • Poor agricultural practices • Growth of human population • Resettlement activities • Overgrazing • Bush fires • Mining and quarrying The impact of HA on the Environment (cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  30. Deforestation means clearing of wood vegetation from the land surface .This is another HA whose causes are: • Cutting down trees for fuel wood, construction and medicine The impact of HA on the Environment (cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  31. The impact of deforestation includes: • Loss of resources • Global loss of terrestrial carbon (greenish matter) • Degradation of cleared land • Social economic and political factors associated The impact of HA on the Environment (cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  32. Pollution is another impact of HA • Pollution is the process of contaminating the atmosphere( air water or soil) Pollution in TZ. Is more seen in urban areas than the rural The impact of HA on the Environment (cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  33. Causes of pollution are : • Industrial smoke, burning wastes and smoke emitted from vehicles (AIR ) • Water pollution is caused by poor sewage control mining mercury) and agricultural chemicals run off The impact of HA on the Environment (cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  34. Soil pollution is caused by • oil spills from industrial activities, plastics disposals, • agro chemicals and • industrial wastes The impact of HA on the Environment (cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  35. National environmental Act 1983Which was repealed in2004 by National Environmental Management Act And later 2005 • National Environmental Policy 1997 • Cross sectoral policies • Rectification of different international conventions and declaring commitment in environment protection Efforts of Tanzania in SD Eulalia Enviroment

  36. Integrating environmental concerns in different functions and structures of the government like: • the local government environmental committees) and in • central government (cabinet minister responsible for environment ) Efforts of Tanzania in SD (cont…) Eulalia Enviroment

  37. Insert a diagram Components of SD Eulalia Enviroment

  38. SD development is composed of social, environment and economic components Socially • the there must be an improved access to social services, improved awareness on the environment and development concerns and development of sensitive culture Components of SD(cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  39. Economically • Creation of awareness on how to use resources for development with caution with out compromising the future generations rights foe the same (discuss in relation to the role of the environment to economic development) Components of SD(cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  40. Environmental Environment and development rltship is Simple and complex at the same time: Development uses environment resources sand converts them into other usable resources while environment provides the resources to development Components of SD(cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  41. As such, the results of these relationships can be positive thus attainment of economic development, o negative thus the problems of environmental degradation ion Components of SD(cont..) Eulalia Enviroment

  42. All the best in your end of semester exams • Don't forget to attempt a question from this topic End Eulalia Enviroment

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