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Grammar Basics (Adjectives)

Grammar Basics (Adjectives). Resource: Advanced English Grammar for ESL Learners. C/ LtCol Genieve M. Martínez. Lesson Objectives. Review grammar basics: Parts of Speech Noun Pronoun Verb Adjective Adverb Preposition Conjunction Putting words together Sentence

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Grammar Basics (Adjectives)

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  1. Grammar Basics (Adjectives) Resource: Advanced English Grammar for ESL Learners C/LtColGenieve M. Martínez

  2. Lesson Objectives • Review grammar basics: • Parts of Speech • Noun • Pronoun • Verb • Adjective • Adverb • Preposition • Conjunction • Putting words together • Sentence • Test Knowledge: Quiz 1

  3. Parts of Speech • NOUN a person, place, or thing. Can be the subject or object of a sentence. • PRONOUNa word that replaces or stands for ("pro" = for) a noun. • VERB an action word. • ADJECTIVE a word that describes or modifies a noun. Answers the questions "how many," "what kind," etc. • ADVERB a word that describes or modifies a verb. • PREPOSITION (literally "pre-position") a word that indicates the relationship of a noun (or noun phrase) to another word.

  4. Adjectives An adjective's job is to modify a noun or pronoun. They are always near the noun or pronoun they are describing. There are three forms of adjectives:

  5. Adjectives • There are two different ways of forming comparative and superlative forms of adjectives: • Inflectional endings –er and –est • Using adverbs more and most • Nearly all one-syllable adjectives in Modern English use –er and -est and nearly all three and four syllable adjectives use more and most.

  6. Adjectives • Two syllable adjectives that always use more/most • Nearly all two syllable ajectives that consist of only a single word part (not built with a stem + suffix, for example, lonely) must use more/most. • Two syllable adjectives made up of a certain stem + suffix or inflectional ending also must use more/most. • Careful more careful most careful • Hopeless more hopeless most hopeless

  7. Adjectives • Two syllable adjectives ending in –ed or –ing that are derived from verbs must use more/most.

  8. Adjectives • Two syllable adjectives that can be used with with either more/most or –er/-est. • The majority of the adjectives in this group en in unstressed second syllables. The larges single group ends in –ly. • Note: the change of y to I follows the same spelling pattern we saw in the plural of nouns that end in –y.

  9. Adjectives • Adjectives that end in unstressed vowels, -er, -le, -el, -ere, -ure can also use either pattern.

  10. Adjectives • Two syllable adjectives that can only use –er/-est. • The largest group in this category ends in unstressed –y. • Examples • I would like something more little.X • I would like something littler. • I ended up buying the most little rug. X • I ended up buying the littlest rug.

  11. Adjectives(Write the comparative and superlative forms of the following two-syllable adjectives in the appropriate column. )

  12. Adjectives(Write the comparative and superlative forms of the following two-syllable adjectives in the appropriate column. )

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