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Learn about the tunnel safety measures, site layout, and tunnel utilities at the LCLS Conventional Facilities. Explore the overall site plan, tunnel layout, and access tunnels. Discover the excavation sequence and support cycle, as well as the required personal protective equipment (PPE) for tunnel work.
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LCLS Conventional Facilities Dick McDonald Deputy Systems Manager
Tunnel Safety & Logistics • Site Layout • Tunnel & Cavern X-Sections • Tunnel Safety • Tunnel Utilities
Tunnel Layout Access Tunnel Length = 324’ Min cover = 20’ Max cover = 100’ NORTH RSY X-Ray Tunnel Length = 645.4’ Min cover = 40’ Max cover = 80’ FEH Cavern Length = 227’ Min cover = 80’ Max cover = 100’ UH Tunnel Length = 575.5’ Min cover = 20’ Max cover = 60’
FEH Cavern X-Section 16’ Rock dowels Excavation Sequence # Lattice Girder & 12” Shotcrete FEH Cavern 48.5’ Wide 32.8’ High
UH Tunnel X-Section 2’ thick + concave section to increase floor rigidity Concave invert designed to resist uplifting UH Tunnel 21’ Wide 18.5’ High
Sequential Excavation & Support Cycle • Excavate with road header • Scale & prepare surface for shotcrete • Apply 3” shotcrete • Install girder section • Install rock dowels as required • Apply 3” shotcrete • Start next cycle
Top Heading & portal Support Top heading with lattice girders Portal support Rock dowels Lattice girders Shotcrete Utilities
Road Header at Work • 50 ton Road Header
Shotcrete Pump Pump can be at surface or underground
Construction Safety Items Tunnel Safety Usual Safety Items Hard Hats Eye & Ear Protection Steel Toe Boots Above items are standard issue to employees & visitors entering construction areas.
Tunnel Safety Items • Tunnel Required PPE are issued to employees and visitors going underground • MSHA Approved Light • MSHA = Mine Safety & Health Administration • Self Rescuer • Converts carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide
Tunnel Additional Required PPE Cap lamp Rescuer and cap lamp in use Self rescuer
Tunnel Safety • Typical Tunnel Hazards • Tight working spaces, low light • Uneven working & walking surfaces • Wet and muddy • Working in close proximity to large equipment • Falling rocks, earth and shotcrete • Utility supply lines • Lack of ventilation • Noise • Methane gas
Tunnel Classification • Tunnels are Classified as Gassy, Potential Gassy or Non gassy • Madera sandstone can have small isolated pockets of methane gas so our tunnels are potential gassy • Equipment and electrical have to be MSHA approved for potential gassy • We are not overly concerned about gas, but are taking the next step to be safe
Tunnel Utilities • Compressed air – for pneumatic tools • Water – for tool use and dust control • Electrical power – for equipment & lighting • Ventilation – for fresh clean air • Communication & Data • Discharge water – excess water used in construction
15’ Tunnel • Typical tunnel utilities Power & lights Ventilation Com. & Data Water Air Discharge
Typical Vent Fan and Lights • Vent fan & light stringer