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The Cold War: “Super” Collision

The Cold War: “Super” Collision. U . S . versus U . S . S . R . 1940s & 1950s. Differing goals. United States World’s richest country Cities and factories remained intact Encourage democracy and prevent communism Rebuild European governments to promote trade

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The Cold War: “Super” Collision

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  1. The Cold War: “Super” Collision U.S.versus U.S.S.R. 1940s & 1950s

  2. Differing goals United States World’s richest country Cities and factories remained intact Encourage democracy and prevent communism Rebuild European governments to promote trade Reunite Germany to stabilize it and Europe Soviet Union 50 times more deaths Many Soviet cities were destroyed Encouraged worldwide communism Protect its borders by controlling Eastern Europe Keep Germany divided to prevent its waging war again

  3. The Cold War: 1940s • Policy of Containment • Began in 1945 • American policy that attempted to restrict communism to its current border • Continued throughout the Cold War

  4. The Cold War: 1940s • The Truman Doctrine (1945) • Truman went before a joint session of Congress to appeal for $400 million in aid to Greece & Turkey • Why? • To prevent the further spread of Communism

  5. The Cold War: 1940s • The Marshall Plan (1948-1951) • Named after Secretary of State George Marshall • A “rebuilding” program • $13 billion dollars in aid was sent to Western European nations • Why?

  6. The Cold War: 1940s • NATO (1947) • North Atlantic Treaty Organization • Military alliance with the purpose of defending all members from outside attack • Who was in NATO? • Warsaw Pact (1955) • Formed in retaliation against NATO • Who was in the Warsaw Pact?

  7. The Cold War: 1940s • Berlin Airlift (June, 1948) • GB, France & the U.S. consolidated West Berlin • In retaliation, Soviet troops blockaded highways, railways & shut off West Berlin’s electricity • To aid the people, British & American planes spent 11 months dropping supplies… • The blockade was lifted in 1949

  8. The Cold War: 1950s • Stalin died in 1953; replaced by Nikita Khrushchev • “De-Stalinization” • Reversed some of Stalin’s policies • Promised better wages • More consumer goods • More freedom to artists & intellectuals • Reduction of terror by the secret “police”

  9. The Cold War: 1950s • Peaceful Coexistence • Khrushchev’s policy • Friendlycompetition with the West; avoid war at all costs • Encouraged nations to follow communism • Improved housing conditions • Increased production of consumer goods • Put emphasis on technological research

  10. The Cold War: 1950s • The Space Race • Began in 1957 when the Soviets launched Sputnik • The U.S. “retaliated” soon after • Created NASA (National Aeronautics & Space Administration) • Began to put a greater emphasis on math and science in the classroom

  11. The Cold War: 1950s • Dwight D. Eisenhower became president in 1952 • His Secretary of State was John Dulles • Implemented the policies of massive retaliation and brinkmanship

  12. The Cold War: 1950s

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