The Industrial Revolution

1. The Industrial Revolution Early Industrial Rev. = 1700 – 1760 Industrial Rev. = 1760 – 1840

2. Changes in Rural Population • Around 1700 = advancements in farming • Made it easier to produce more food • Farming became a science • More food led to larger populations • More people = larger need for goods • Needed better ways to produce those goods • Led to the first early machines • Spinning wheels and looms = textiles • Led to factories to house those machines • 1740s = Factories opened; Industrial Revolution begins

3. Britain Leads the Industrial Revolution • Begins in Britain because of the large deposits of coal and iron • The Steam Engine • 1698 = first steam engine invented to pump water from mines • 1769 = James Watt makes a practical steam engine • 1803 = first steam locomotive • Soon industry spread to other countries • Belgium and France were quick to industrialize

4. Industrial Expansion in the USA • By the early 1800s, Britain and the USA had become friendly again • Led to the exchange of industrial ideas • The Cotton Gin • Invented by Eli Whitney • Used interchangeable parts; separated cotton seeds from the cotton • Led to an increase in slavery • Industry exploded in the USA • Mostly in the northeast

5. Effects of Industrialization • Growth of Industrial Cities • New factories = need workers • People move to be near the factories • Cities grow/develop • Harsh working conditions • Long hours, unsafe conditions • Women and children had the worst jobs • Growing wealth • Standard of living did improve • People had more money

6. Write Your Summary: • 5-7 sentences • How did the Industrial Revolution affect European peasants? • Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Britain? • What were two inventions of the Industrial Revolution? • How did the Industrial Revolution expand into the United States? • What effect did the Industrial Revolution have on rural/urban populations? • What were working conditions like?