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Research to Support the Multi-Store Model

Research to Support the Multi-Store Model . Starter: Complete the diagram to outline the MSM. Can I describe studies related to the Multi- Store Model?. Evaluating research. Laboratory studies/experiments . Case studies . Strengths Weaknesses. Strengths Weaknesses.

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Research to Support the Multi-Store Model

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  1. Research to Support the Multi-Store Model Starter: Complete the diagram to outline the MSM Can I describe studies related to the Multi- Store Model?

  2. Evaluating research Laboratory studies/experiments Case studies Strengths Weaknesses • Strengths • Weaknesses

  3. Sperling (1960) • Showed participants a grid of digits and letters for 50 milliseconds • They were asked to write down all 12 digits OR • They were asked to write down a single row directly after hearing a tone # Recall much poorer with whole set of rows (5 items/ 42%) # Recall much better with one row only (3 items/75%) = Information decays rapidly in the sensory store

  4. Glanzer and Cunitz (1966) • Showed participants a list of 20 words # primacy effect – participants could remember the first words # recency effect – participants could remember the last words = participants rehearse words at the start of the list = words at the end of the list is still in STM

  5. Areas of the brain associated with STM and LTM • PET scan • fMRI Short- term memory, Beardsley (1997) Pre-frontal lobe hippocampus Long-term memory, Squire et al( 1992)

  6. Case Studies • http://www.learner.org/vod/vod_window.html?pid=1617

  7. Case Studies HM (Scoville and Milner, 1957) Clive Wearing (Baddeley, 1990) Viral infection Damaged part of hippocampus # Remembers part of earlier life # No STM # Procedural memory in tact – can play the piano and conduct a choir # Episodic memory lost – no recollection of musical training = Different types of long – term memory • Suffered from severe epilepsy • Removed part of hippocampus from both sides # Personality and intellect remained intact # Could form no new long-term memories # Could not remember list of words, names or faces # Mourned every time he heard his mother was dead # Could remember some things from before the surgery, but not from 10 years before surgery = Hippocampus gateway for STM to LTM = Could estimate time for max of 20 seconds THUS support Peterson and Peterson STM research on duration

  8. Case Studies Phineas Cage, 1848 Survived railway accidentwhich damaged his frontal lobe Could function normally Personality changed = instrumental in reassuring doctors that they could safely remove parts of the brain

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