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States’ Rights & Nullification

Learn about the State's Rights & Nullification Crisis that divided the country into sections, debated economic issues, and led to the Webster-Hayne Debate. Discover how Jackson and Congress responded and the compromise that resolved the crisis.

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States’ Rights & Nullification

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  1. States’ Rights & Nullification

  2. Sectional Division • Country pulled into 3 sections • Northeast, South, & West • Regions argued over 3 economic issues • Public land sale • Internal improvements • Tariffs

  3. Tariff of Abominations • Congress passed high tariff under John Q. Adams • Tariff of 1828 • Proposed by Martin van Buren • Assist US business • South hated it • Forced to sell cotton @ low prices to be competitive • Pay high prices for manufactured goods • John C. Calhoun proposed the doctrine of nullification • Alien & Sedition Acts as the model

  4. Nullification Crisis Nullification debate grew in the U.S. Senate: Webster-Hayne Debate Led by Vice-President John C. Calhoun, he claimed, “states should have final authority on whether to follow acts of Congress” He felt states had the right to judge if a law is constitutional Congressmen from South Carolina defended & promoted secession

  5. Presidential Response South hoped for Jackson’s support since he was a supporter of states’ rights Jackson opposed nullification, but wanted to save the Union “Our Federal Union: It must be preserved.” South Carolina passed the Nullification Act & continued to threaten secession “Yes I have; please give my compliments to my friends in your State and say to them, that if a single drop of blood shall be shed there in opposition to the laws of the United States, I will hang the first man I can lay my hand on engaged in such treasonable conduct, upon the first tree I can reach.”

  6. Compromise • Jackson left Calhoun off his ticket in the 1832 election • Chose Martin van Buren as his Vice President • Jackson passed the Force Bill • He could use force to enforce acts of Congress • Henry Clay proposed a smaller compromise tariff in the Senate • Congress passed it • S.C. accepted the new tariff

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