Modern Music 1844 - Today

1. Modern Music1844 - Today The Beginnings of Today’s Music and Other Stuff That Tries to be Music

2. 1844Stephen Foster • Born July 4, 1826 • First popular song “Open They Lattice Love” • Music was sentimental, popular before Civil War. • Themes were mostly about lost love • Immigrants missing their home and loved ones • Lost love • Appealed to the large majority of Americans • My Old Kentucky Home, Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair, and Beautiful Dreamer were most well known. • Died in 1864 at age of 38 and penniless • Because of Stephen Foster and others America started developing its own style of music.

3. Minstrel Shows1850-1900 • White actors dressed up like black people • Black face • Very popular with majority of Americans • Songs like Oh, Susanna, Massa’s in de Cold Ground, Swanee River. • Replaced by musical reviews, vaudeville, and musical theater

4. Ragtime • Pre- and Post-Civil War • First known as the “Cakewalk” • Dance contests where prizes were cakes • Two sources of the word Ragtime • Shuffling clog dance by black men known as ragging • The paper it was written on was known as a “Rag” • Unique blend of African and European styles • Two main cities where it was made popular • New Orleans, LA and St. Louis, MO Ragtime

5. Scott Joplin • Best known Ragtime composer • Born in Texas in 1868 • Died in 1917 • Son of a freed slave • Maple Leaf Rag

6. African-American Influence Lead: Swing low, sweet chariot Chorus: Coming for to carry me home Lead: Swing low, sweet chariot Chorus: Coming for to carry me home Lead: If you get there before I do Chorus: Coming for to carry me home Lead: Tell all my friends, I’m coming too Chorus: Coming for to carry me home • Slaves shared their feelings through songs • Negro spirituals • Songs from Africa, Haiti, etc. • Hardships of being slaves • Origin of the “Blues” and “Rhythm and Blues” • Two time periods for the Blues • Late 1800s to 1930 • Country/rural blues (developed into Country) • City/urban blues (became Jazz) • 1930 to present • Louis Armstrong, Ray Charles (Instrumentalists) Black Sheep Deep River Down by the Riverside

7. Dixieland Jazz1900-1920 Jazz • Started out as funeral procession music • To the cemetery—slow and mournful • From the cemetery—Fast and lively • Started playing for dances • Made up of several instruments • Piano, double bass, drums, banjo—pulse or beat • Two trumpets, a clarinet, and trombone—frontline (played the melody) • Trumpet was main player • Clarinet—obbligato or counter melody • Trombone-tailgating (another from of counter melody) • Improvisation—play what they want, never read from music King Louis Scat Cat

8. Jazz Moves to Chicago • 1917 Storyville closed down (New Orleans) • Many musicians moved elsewhere including Chicago • Emphasis on soloist improvisation • Most famous—Louis Armstrong • Hot Five and Hot Seven • Paul Whiteman—first concert in 1924 • George Gershwin’s Rhapsody in Blue • Finally considered a true art form On the Sunny Side of the Street Take Five Pink Panther 007

9. George Gershwin • Born in Brooklyn, NY in 1898 • Wrote a lot of stage musicals • Folk operas • Porgy and Bess (1935) • An American in Paris (1928) • Gene Kelly starred in the film • Brain tumor • Died at the age of 39 Click Picture for link

10. Cole Porter • Born in 1891 • Lots of music for musical theater • Wake up and Dream • Anything Goes • Kiss Me Kate (1948) • Still very popular today • Soon set a trend throughout the world Click Picture for link

11. Swing1935-1950 In the Mood • First heard in New York—recording capital • Big Band era • Leaders were the soloist • Often had singers along with band • Black (emphasis on soloist) • Duke Ellington and Count Basie • White (emphasis on the band) • Benny Goodman, Glenn Miller, and Tommy Dorsey It Don’t Mean a Thing Andrews Sisters A String of Pearls As Time Goes By Somewhere Over the Rainbow

12. American Musical Theater • Based on comic opera of France and Italy • Victor Herbert (earliest composer) • Toyland and Naughty Marietta • Jerome Kern • Showboat • Early musicals • Romantic plots with comedy and catchy tunes • First movie to have animation in it was Anchors Aweigh • A musical was successful if the audience left humming the tunes Anchors Aweigh

13. Gene Kelly Dances with Jerry Back

14. Musical Theater (cont.) • Early shows based on songs • Later shows based on story or plot • Many early works based on famous literary works. • Kiss Me Kate based on Taming of the Shrew by Shakespeare • My Fair Lady is based on George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion My Fair Lady

15. Richard Rogers • First partner Lorenz Hart • 30 musicals • Hart dies • Teams with Oscar Hammerstein (1943-1960) • Sound of Music, The King and I, Oklahoma, Carousel, South Pacific, State Fair, Flower Drum Song and Cinderella Cinderella Sound of Music

16. Musical Theater 1960-1980 • Stephen Sondheim • A Little Night Music, Sweeny Todd, Into the Woods, West Side Story • Rock Musicals (late 60s to mid 70s) • Used rock and roll as basis • Tunes not too catchy, never was really popular • Andrew Lloyd Webber • Phantom of the Opera (Longest running on Broadway—9000+) • Cats (Second longest—8000+) • Resurgence of American composers • Beauty and the Beast (based on Disney version) Jets Song

17. Folk Music • Most influential on today’s songs • Tells about lifestyles and every day life • Derived from immigrants • Bluegrass or Hillbilly similar to British Isles • Music is anonymous—handed down • Street vendors, lumberjacks, sailors, pioneers, African slaves, Latino immigrants, and Europeans Johnny B. Good

18. 1950s Do You Wanna Dance? Devil or Angel • Country music becomes very popular • Gospel and Doo Wop • Elvis • Frankie Valli • Girl groups • The Ink Spots and other male groups • Latino music very popular for a short time Dream Lover Hound Dog Duke of Earl Goin to the Chapel Boy from NY City

19. 60s and 70s Deuce Coupe • Very political and social • Funk, Hip Hop, and Salsa • Rock and Roll • The Beatles, Beach Boys, the Mamas and the Papas and others • Elvis still rocked • Early 60s had psychedelic rock • Associated with hippies • Splintered into Heavy Metal, Punk Rock, and others. I Get Around Be True to Your School Vultures Bye Bye Birdie

20. 1970s I’ll Never Fall in Love Again • Rock/Pop • Styx, Chicago, Queen, Carpenters, Bread, Eagles • Heavy Metal • Led Zepplin, Black Sabbath, KISS, AC/DC • Outlaw Country • Waylon Jennings, Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson • Hip Hop • Rapping • Salsa • Punk Rock Eagles Help Me if You Can Rainy Days and Mondays Intermission

21. Late 70s to 1990 • Disco achieves world popularity in 1978 • Rap music is developed • MTV emerges • Alternative music • Hip hop still popular

22. 1990-Today • Alternative • Grunge, Techno, Screamo, Gangsta rap, • Bubblegum Pop • Brittney Spears, Backstreet Boys, New Kids on the Block • Latin • Shakira, Selena and Ricky Martin • Rap more popular • Eminen, Jay-Z Selena

23. Modern Era • As we can see, our American music we listen to today was shaped by many styles of music. • It spanned over 150 years. • It is still evolving. • Each generation has its style of music. • What will it be like in the future?