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Chemical Reaction A chemical change occurs

+. +. A. B. AB. yields. Chemical Reaction A chemical change occurs. +. -or-. +. A. B. AB. yields. Parts of a Chemical Reaction. Reactant Product Lactose Glucose + Galactose Lactose is broken down because a chemical reaction occurs. Enzyme Basics. What is an enzyme?

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Chemical Reaction A chemical change occurs

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  1. + + A B AB yields Chemical Reaction A chemical change occurs + -or- + A B AB yields

  2. Parts of a Chemical Reaction ReactantProduct LactoseGlucose + Galactose • Lactose is broken down because a chemical reaction occurs

  3. Enzyme Basics • What is an enzyme? • Proteins that act as a catalyst • A catalyst is a chemical that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction

  4. Enzyme Parts Active Site Regulatory Site

  5. Lactose Example LactoseGlucose + Galactose • Lactose is the reactant – also called the substrate • An enzyme (lactase) is used to break lactose into glucose and galactose (helps with hydrolysis)

  6. Enzyme Rules – How it Works • Substrate binds to the active site • Induced Fit – active site conforms to the substrate • Reaction occurs • Product leaves the active site • The enzyme does NOT become part of the reactant (substrate) or product • The enzyme is never used up • The enzyme is substrate specific

  7. Normal Catalytic Reaction

  8. Enzyme Denaturing • Denaturing occurs when something happens that causes an enzyme to lose its’ shape • When an enzyme loses its shape, the substrate can’t bind (changing shape of active site) • What could cause and enzyme to denature?

  9. Competitive vs. Noncompetitive Inhibition http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MpcnkBE6FS0&feature=related

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