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Cell History

Cell History. van Leeuwenhoek. Hooke. Cell History. All life is made of cells Discovered after microscope invented 1665 : Robert Hooke first observed cork (dead plant bark) Cork reminded him of tiny rooms He named the empty boxes “cells”. Cell Theory. Schleiden. Three Parts :

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Cell History

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  1. Cell History van Leeuwenhoek Hooke

  2. Cell History • All life is made of cells • Discovered after microscope invented • 1665: Robert Hooke first observed cork (dead plant bark) • Cork reminded him of tiny rooms • He named the empty boxes “cells”

  3. Cell Theory Schleiden • Three Parts: • 1) All organisms are made of cells • 2) The cell is the most basic unit of life • 3) Cells come from other cells • What’s the big problem with this theory? Schwann Virchow

  4. Cell Diversity • Shape depends upon function • Nerve Shape: Elongated branching • Function: Sends messages to and from brain • Red Blood Shape: Disc-like shape prevents clogging • Function: Carries O2 throughout blood • Skin Shape: Flat & broad; layers overlap • Function: Covers and protects the body

  5. Cell Categories • 1) Prokaryote: Cells without a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles • Oldest cells known (~4 billion years old) • Believed to have evolved first (oldest fossils) • AKA: Bacteria

  6. 2) Eukaryote: Cells with a nucleus & membrane bound organelles More complex cells Evolved from prokaryotes Ex: Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals Cell Categories

  7. Eukaryote Evolution • Endosymbiosis Theory: Chloroplast & mitochondria were free-living organisms • Both were engulfed by a larger predator cell • Both gave the larger cell an advantage (make food and energy) • Predator cell provided each protection • Over time, these cells could not survive without the mitochondria & chloroplast • Evidence: Mitochondria & chloroplast contain own DNA, replicate, contain own ribosomes

  8. QuickReview • Cells shape is related to its job (function) • Cells are the basic units of life • Cells come from other cells

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