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Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology. Objectives. Identify basic medical abbreviations selected from a standard list Define prefixes, suffixes and word roots selected from a list of words Spell and pronounce medical terms correctly. Common Abbreviations Derived from Latin Terms.

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Medical Terminology

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  1. Medical Terminology

  2. Objectives • Identify basic medical abbreviations selected from a standard list • Define prefixes, suffixes and word roots selected from a list of words • Spell and pronounce medical terms correctly

  3. Common AbbreviationsDerived from Latin Terms • ac (ante cibum) means "before meals" • bid (bis in die) means "twice a day" • gt (gutta) means "drop" • hs (hora somni) means "at bedtime" • od (oculus dexter) means "right eye" • os (oculus sinister) means "left eye" • po (per os) means "by mouth" • pc (post cibum) means "after meals" • prn (pro re nata) means "as needed" • q 3 h (quaque 3 hora) means "every 3 hours" • qd (quaque die) means "every day" • qid (quater in die) means "4 times a day" • Sig (signa) means "write" • tid (ter in die) means "3 times a day"

  4. Word Parts • Word roots • Suffixes • Prefixes • Combining vowels

  5. Word Root • A word root is the word part that is the core of the word • Contains the fundamental meaning of the word and explains what part of the body is being talked about • Examples • Neur/o= nerves • Hepat/o= liver • Arthr/o= joint

  6. Word Root • Because the word root contains the fundamental meaning of the word, each medical term contains one or more word roots.

  7. Suffix • Suffix- A word part attached to the end of the word root to modify its meaning; indicates the procedure, disease, or condition Examples -itis= inflammation • algia= pain • ic= pertaining to • ous= pertaining to

  8. Prefix • Prefix- A word part attached to the beginning of a word root to modify its meaning; usually indicates location, time, or number. Not all words have prefixes. • Examples • Sub= under or below • Poly= many • Post= after • Intra= within • Peri= surround or protect • Pre= before

  9. Combining Vowel • Combining vowel is a word part, usually an O, and is used: • Between two word roots • It is NOT used when a suffix begins with a vowel -IS used when a suffix begins with a consonant

  10. Combining Form • A word root with the combing vowel attached, separated by a vertical slash • Arthr/o= joint • Oste/o= bone • ven/o= vein

  11. Defining Medical Terms • Begin by defining the suffix, then move to the beginning of the term to complete the definition (does not apply to all medical terms)

  12. Putting Medical Terms Together • Poly+neur/o+itis = Polyneuritis • Inflammation of many nerves • Arthr/o+itis= Arthritis • Inflammation of the joint • Hepat/o+itis= Hepatitis • Inflammation of the liver • Sub+Hepat/o+ic = Subhepatic • Pertaining to under the liver

  13. Medical Terms • Intra+ven/o+ous =Intravenous • Pertaining to within the vein • Arthr/o+path+y =Arthropathy • Condition of disease of the joint • Oste/o+itis =Osteitis • Inflammation of the bone

  14. Cyan/o= blue; -sis= state of or condition cyanosis Erythr/o= red Cyte=cell erythrocytes Leuk/o= white Leukocytes Melan/o= black -oma=tumor, mass or swelling Melanoma polio/o=gray matter myel/o=spinal cord or bone marrow -itis= inflammation Poliomyelitis Word Roots Indicating Color

  15. -centesis Surgical puncture to remove fluid -ectomy Surgical removal -graphy Process of recording a picture or record -gram Record or picture -plasty Surgical repair -scopy Visual examination Suffixes Related to Procedures

  16. The Double RRs • -rrhage and –rrhagia • Mean bursting forth, an abnormal excessive fluid discharge or bleeding Ex: Hem/o+rrhage= hemorrhage - means the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time

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