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Comprehensive Guide to Upper Extremity Muscles

Explore the functions and origins of the muscles in the upper extremity, including flexors, pronators, and extensors. Learn about their nerve innervation and actions in this detailed guide.

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Comprehensive Guide to Upper Extremity Muscles

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  1. Muscles of the upper extremity

  2. Musculi antebrachii

  3. ANTEBRACHIAL MUSCLES ANTERIOR GROUP OF MUSCLES The anterior group work as flexors of hand and fingers, also pronators of forearm are here.

  4. Musculus pronator teres • ORIGIN: caput humerale-epicondylus medialis humeri, caput ulnare-processus coronoideus ulnae • INSERTION : middle part of corpus radii • INNERVATION: n. medianus • FUNCTION: pronation and flexion of forearm

  5. Musculus flexor carpi radialis • ORIGIN: epicondylus medialis humeri • INSERTION : basis of 2nd anf 3rd metacarpus • INNERVATION: n. medianus • FUNCTION: flexion of forearm, palmar flexion of hand and its radial duction

  6. Musculus palmaris longus • ORIGIN: epicondylus medialis humeri • INSERTION : aponeurosis palmaris • INNERVATION: n. medianus • FUNCTION: flexion of hand and forearm

  7. Musculus flexor carpi ulnaris • ORIGIN: epicondylus medialis humeri, olecranon ulnae • INSERTION: os pisiforme, ligamentum pisohamatum, ligamentum pisometacarpeum • INNERVATION: n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: flexion of forearm and hand, ulnar duction

  8. Musculus flexor digitorum superficialis • ORIGIN: epicondylus medialis humeri, processus coronoideus ulnae and radius • INSERTION: middle pahalnx of 2nd-5th fingers, it forms chiasma tendinum • INNERVATION: n. medianus • FUNCTION: flexion of hand, middle phalanx and forearm

  9. Musculus flexor pollicis longus • ORIGIN: anterior surface of radius and membrana interossea antebrachii • INSERTION : distal phalanx of thumb • INNERVATION: n. medianus • FUNCTION: flexion of thumb and hand

  10. Musculus flexor digitorum profundus • ORIGIN: anterior side of ulna and membrana interossea antebrachii • INSERTION : distal phalanx of 2nd-5th fingers • INNERVATION: n. medianus (2nd and 3th fingers), n. ulnaris (4th and 5th fingers) • FUNCTION: flexion of hand and fingers

  11. Musculus pronator quadratus • ORIGIN: anterior surface of ulna • INSERTION : distal quarter of radius • INNERVATION: n. medianus • FUNCTION: pronation of forearm

  12. LATERAL GROUP OF ANTEBRACHIAL MUSCLES

  13. Musculus brachioradialis • ORIGIN: lateralmarginofdistal part of humerus • INSERTION : processusstyloideus radii • INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: flexionofforearm, itpaticipates in pronation and supination

  14. Musculus extensor carpi radialis longus • ORIGIN: distal part of humerus • INSERTION :base of 2nd metacarpal bone • INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: extensionof hand and radialduction

  15. Musculus extensor carpi radialis brevis • ORIGIN: epicondyluslateralishumeri • INSERTION: base of 3rd metacarpal bone • INERVACE: n. radialis • FUNKCE: extension and radialductionof hand

  16. Musculus supinator • ORIGIN: epicondyluslateralishumeri, ligamentumcollateralelaterale, ligamentumanulare radii, cristamusculisupinatorii • INSERTION : fromtuberositas radii to theinsertionofpronatorteres • INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: supinace offorearm

  17. POSTERIOR GROUP OF ANTEBRACHIAL MUSCLES

  18. Musculus extensor digitorum communis • ORIGIN: epicondyluslateralishumeri • INSERTION : dorsalaponeurosis (posteriorsideofallthreephalanges) • INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: extensionof hand and fingers

  19. Musculus extensor digiti minimi • ORIGIN: epicondyluslateralishumeri • INSERTION : dorsalaponeurosisof 5th finger • INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: extenionof hand and 5th finger

  20. Musculus extensor carpi ulnaris • ORIGIN: epicondyluslateralishumeri • INSERTION : base of 5th metacarpal bone • INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: extension and ulnarductionof hand

  21. Musculus abductor pollicis longus • ORIGIN: prox. part of ulna, membrana, prox. part ofradius • INSERTION : base of 1st metacarpal bone • INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: abductionofthumb

  22. Musculus extensor pollicis brevis • ORIGIN: radius, membrana • INSERTION : dorsalsideofprox. phalanxofthumb • INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: extension and abductionofthumb

  23. Musculus extensor pollicis longus • ORIGIN: ulna, membrana • INSERTION : distalphalanxofthumb • INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: extensionofthumb

  24. Musculus extensor indicis • ORIGIN: ulna, membrana, most distally • INSERTION : dorsalaponeurosisof INNERVATION: n. radialis • FUNCTION: extensionof 2nd finger

  25. Musculi manus

  26. Musculus abductor pollicis brevis • ORIGIN: eminentiacarpiradialis • INSERTION: radialsesamoidal bone • INNERVATION: n. medianus • FUNCTION: abductionofthumb

  27. Musculus flexor pollicis brevis • ORIGIN: eminentiacarpiradialis • INSERTION: radialsesamoidal bone • INNERVATION: c. superficiale-n. medianus, c. profundum-n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: flexionofproximalphalanx and oppositionofthethumb

  28. Musculus opponens pollicis • ORIGIN: eminentiacarpiradialis • INSERTION: lateralmarginof 1st metacarpal bone • INNERVATION: n. medianus • FUNCTION: oppositionofthethumb

  29. Musculus adductor pollicis • ORIGIN: c. obliquum-eminentia, c. transversum-palmarsideof 3rd metacarpal bone • INSERTION:ulnarsesamoidal bone • INNERVATION: n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: adductionofthethumb

  30. Musculus palmaris brevis • ORIGIN: ulnarmarginofpalmaraponeurosis • INSERTION: skin ofhypothenar • INNERVATION: n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: transversal skin grooves

  31. Musculus abductor digiti minimi • ORIGIN: os pisiforme • INSERTION: base ofproxphalanxof 5th finger • INNERVATION: n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: abductionof 5th finger

  32. Musculus flexor digiti minimi • ORIGIN: hamulusossis hamati • INSERTION: base ofproxphalanxof 5th finger • INNERVATION: n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: flexionof 5th finger

  33. Musculus opponens digiti minimi • ORIGIN: eminentiacarpiulnaris • INSERTION: ulnarmarginof 5th metacarpal bone • INNERVATION: n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: mildoppositionofthe 5th finger

  34. Mm. interossei palmares I.-III. • ORIGIN: bodiesofmetacarpalbones • INSERTION: base ofprox. phalanx and dorsalaponeurosis • INNERVATION: n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: adductionoffingers, flexionofproximalphalanges

  35. Musculi lumbricales • ORIGIN: tendonsof m. flexor digitorumprofundus • INSERTION: radialmarginof base ofprox. phalanx, dorsalaponeurosisofthe 2nd-5th fingers • INNERVATION: I.and II.-n. medianus; III. and IV.- n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: fingerinclining in radialdirection, participation in proximalphalangealflexion

  36. Mm. interossei dorsales I.-IV. • ORIGIN: withtwoheads on bodiesofadjacentmetacaralbones • INSERTION: base ofprox. phalanxansdorsalaponeurosis • INNERVATION: n. ulnaris • FUNCTION: abductionoffingers, flexeionofprox. phalanx

  37. FASCIA MANUS Dorsal side - fascia dorsalis manus interossea - fascia dorsalis manus superficialis Palmar side - fascia palmaris interossea fascia palmaris superficialis - aponeurosis palmaris

  38. CANALIS CARPI

  39. Thank you for your attention!

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