Anatomy lab

1. Anatomy lab Prepared by Dr. Hannod Abo Rass

3. Bladder These are histology sides of bladder. The mucosa is transitional epithelium overlying the lamina propria. the dome shaped cells of the transitional epithelium are apparent. The muscularis is thick. The muscularis is arranged as an inner longitudinal, middle circular and outer longitudinal. Bladder has an adventitia, however it is not visible on these histology slides.

5. Transitional Epithelium • This histology slide shows transitional epithelium. The cells are several layers thick, so it is stratified. The number of cell layers is flexible, depending on the degree of distension. The cells are round/oval. The nuclei are round. The apical cells are domed shaped cells

7. Simple Columnar Epithelium • This histology is gallbladder. It shows the simple columnar epithelium. Note that the cells are taller than they are wide. Also notice how the nuclei line up in a nice neat row on the basal surface.

9. Large Intestine three layers of the large intestine are visible: mucosa, submucosa and muscularis externa. the two distinct layers of muscle on the muscularis externa are visible: the inner circular and an outer longitudinal. Notice that there are no villi here, in contrast to the small intestine. The apical surface is smooth, without finger like projections. There are lots of goblet cells on the mucosa. These are the clear looking hollowed out spaces

11. Small Intestine • The small intestine has a mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa. note the prominent villi. The apical surface has finger like projections (villi). This is in contrast to the large intestine. There are goblet cells on the villi. These are the clear looking hollowed out spaces. the brush border is visible.

13. Detail of simple columnar epithelium with a goblet cell secreting mucus. The thin, clearly defined band along the top epithelial surface is the striated border, though the individual striations (or microvilli) are not visible at this magnification. The lower edge of the striated border is the location of the terminal web; the dots along the line of the web, seen in between the individual epithelial cells, are the so-called terminal bars, which are found in EM to consist of various cell junctions.

15. Simple columnar epithelium with very regular line-up of nuclei

17. EM of apical (top) surface of two epithelial cells whose cell membranes lie next to each other. The microvilli (1) of the striated border are very straight and regimented in appearance. Microfilaments within them can be seen extending down into the terminal web (2), which is an aggregate of fine filaments lying in the cell cytoplasm. Several junctional complexes are seen including tight junction (zonula occludens =3); intermediate junction (zonula adherens =4); and desmosome (macula adherens =5).

19. Kidney On a histology slide, the kidney can be identified by the presence of the renal corpuscle and kidney tubules. The tubules are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium (6). The renal corpuscle is surrounded by Bowman's capsule. The parietal layer of Bowman's capsule is simple squamous epithelium.

21. Sweat Gland • This is a histology slide of a sweat gland. There are adipose cells surrounding the gland. This section contains both the secretory portion and ducts of the gland. The ducts stain more acidophilic, that is, they stain pinker and deeper. The ducts have a slightly smaller diameter. There is lots of simple cuboidal epithelium present on this histology slide

23. Salivary Gland This is a histology slide of a salivary gland (the sublingual gland). The sublingual gland is mixed, with both mucous and serous cells with the mucous acini predominating. However, in this section there are only mucous secreting cells. It has a very foamy appearance, which is due to the mucus acini. In the center is a duct lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

25. Stratified Squamous Epithelium • This histology slide shows stratified squamous epithelium. The cells are several layers thick, so it is stratified. The cells in the most superficial layer are flat. The nuclei in the most superficial layer are also flat.

27. Simple cuboidal epithelium lining a tubule (longitudinal cut). Some of the cell boundaries between "blocks" or "cubes" here are quite distinct.

29. Cross-section of tubules. The smaller ones clustered in the center and upper left are lined by simple squamous epithelium. The larger pink tubules have simple cuboidal epithelium.

31. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with pale goblet cells. The different levels of nuclei are clearer here. Again, notice the wavy-looking cilia

33. Transitional epithelium, high power. Notice many layers of cells -- and the typically puffy surface cells. The bladder is contracted so the epithelium is thick. If the bladder were stretched, the epithelium would be thinner

35. Stratified squamous non-cornified epithelium -- medium power. This is from the esophagus, so the surface is moist and living. Surface cells are squamous and still nucleated. Basal layer is very distinct; compare this with the less distinct basal layer of the preceding slide of transitional epithelium.

37. Thickly cornified stratified squamous epithelium. The cells in the bright red layer and in the pale layers above it are completely flattened and dead, and have lost their nuclei.