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Warm-up 10/31/11

Warm-up 10/31/11. Teach the Teacher: Tell me everything you know about DNA. Review: Name as many female and male reproductive parts as you can. Learning Target: What makes up DNA? What does DNA do at the cellular level?. DNA . CRACKING THE CODE OF LIFE . DNA 101 .

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Warm-up 10/31/11

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  1. Warm-up 10/31/11 • Teach the Teacher: Tell me everything you know about DNA. • Review: Name as many female and male reproductive parts as you can. • Learning Target: What makes up DNA? What does DNA do at the cellular level?

  2. DNA CRACKING THE CODE OF LIFE

  3. DNA 101 • DNA stands for deoxyribose nucleic acid • What is a nucleic acid (one of four..)___________ • 5 cm long nucleic acid molecule that contains hereditary material—tells cell its function and structure

  4. Functions • DNA controls all the chemical changes which take place in cells • The kind of cell which is formed, (muscle, blood, nerve etc • The kind of organism which is produced (buttercup, giraffe, herring, human etc)

  5. Functions • DNA does it’s dirty work by making proteins… • PROTEINS ARE LIKE TEXT MESSAGES AND BRICKS.. • communicate and build things

  6. Made Of large molecule made up of a long chain of sub-units • The sub-units are called nucleotides • Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar called deoxyribose • a phosphate group -PO4 • and an organic base

  7. Ribose and Deoxyribose • Ribose is a sugar, like glucose, but with only five carbon atoms in its molecule • Deoxyribose is almost the same but lacks one oxygen atom • Both molecules may be represented by the symbol

  8. 5 The bases Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) (G) Guanine The most common organic bases are

  9. 6 Nucleotides PO4 adenine deoxyribose The deoxyribose, the phosphate and one of the bases Combine to form a nucleotide

  10. 10 Bonding 1 Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine The bases always pair up in the same way Adenine forms a bond with Thymine and Cytosine bonds with Guanine

  11. 19 Genetic code 1 • The sequence of bases in DNA forms the • Genetic Code • The different amino acids and the order in which they are joined up determines the sort of protein being produced • A group of three bases (a triplet) controls the production of a particular amino acid in the cytoplasm of the cell

  12. Warm-UP 11/3/11 • Teach the Teacher: What is one thing you want to learn before you die (speak another language, learn how to fix a car, etc.)? • Review: Tell me as much as you can about DNA…. • Learning Targets: What is replication? How do genes code for traits?

  13. Gallery Walk • 1. What are characteristics of a good, eye-catching poster? • 2. Give me 4 facts from subjects other then the ones you did…. • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4.

  14. Genetic code 2 Ser-Cyst-Val-Gly-Ser-Cyst Ala Val Val-Cyst-Ser-Ala-Ser-Cyst-Gly Val- Cyst-Ala-Ala-Ser-Gly 20 This is a small, imaginary protein molecule showing how a sequence of 5 different amino acids could determine the shape and identity of the molecule Each amino acid (Serine, Cysteine, Valine, Glycine and Alanine) is coded for by a particular triplet of bases

  15. Triplet code 22 This is known as the triplet code Each triplet codes for a specific amino acid CGA - CAA - CCA - CCA - GCT - GGG - GAG - CCA - Ala Val Gly Gly Arg Pro Leu Gly The amino acids are joined together in the correct sequence to make part of a protein Ala Val Gly Gly Arg Pro Leu Gly

  16. Enzymes • So DNA exerts its control through the enzymes • The DNA controls which enzymes are made and the enzymes determine what reactions take place • The proteins build the cell structures

  17. Genes • A sequence of triplets in the DNA molecule may code for a complete amino acid • Such a sequence forms a gene • There may be a thousand or more bases in one gene

  18. Replication • Before a cell divides, the DNA strands unwind • and separate • Each strand makes a new partner by adding the appropriate nucleotides • The result is that there are now two double-stranded DNA molecules in the nucleus • So that when the cell divides, each nucleus contains identical DNA • This process is called replication

  19. Genetic Code • Each amino acid is specified by a particular combination of 3 nucleotides, called codons • Different species can use one codon over another for the same amino acid

  20. Warm-UP 11/7 • Teach the Teacher: If you had to babysit a 5 year old what would be the coolest thing to do? • Review: What are the four nitrogen bases that make up DNA? • Learning Target: What are the “leggo” pieces of DNA? What are current issues regarding DNA?

  21. Flash Card • On the front: • Nucleotide • On the back: • The “lego” of DNA: sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen bases

  22. Flash Card • On the front: • Nitrogen bases • On the back: • Adenine • Thymine • Cytosine • Guanine • Makes genetic code

  23. Flash Card • On the front: • Amino Acid • On the back: • Building block of proteins, coded by a triplet of nitrogen bases

  24. Flash Card • On the front: • Replication • On the back: • Process by which DNA is doubled before cell division

  25. Warm-up 11/9/11 • Teach the Teacher: What is one of the most important things your grandparents, guardians, auntie, uncle, or other trusted adult has taught you? • Review: List as many flash card words as you can think of about DNA (in fact you should look at the flashcards…I give you permission) • Learning Targets: Learn the process for DNA analysis in crimes scenes. Investigate issues surrounding DNA determining blood quantum.

  26. High Country News Article • 1.What are the positive and negatives of using blood quantum? Be balanced. • 2. What do you think?

  27. Warm-UP 11/10/11 • Teach the Teacher: What would be (or is) the best thing about being a twin? • Review: What is a way that our bodies must maintain homeostasis? • Learning Targets: DNA characteristics and current issues. What is human cloning?

  28. Trash Basketball!!!

  29. Deoxyribose nucleic acid is…. • DNA • Nucleotide

  30. Thymine, Cytosine, adenine, and Guanine are…. • Amino acids • Nitrogen bases

  31. Proteins do what in the cell? • Send messages and build stuff like muscle and cells • Make bones

  32. Amino acids • Make up proteins • Make up nucleotide

  33. three nitrogen bases make up a • Coden or triplet • Enzymes

  34. The process by which DNA doubles in the cell • Nucleotides • Replication

  35. A phosphate group, nitrogen base, and a sugar make up what? • Enzyme • Nucleotide

  36. This is the lego of DNA • Nucleotide • Enzyme

  37. This is a macromolecule • Nucleic acid • Coden

  38. Cytosine will bond with • Thymine • Guanine

  39. Thymine will bond with • adenine • cytosine

  40. GAU AUU CUU CUG CCC ACA

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