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grafik

grafik. Modus video. Beberapa macam video( screen ) yang digunakan di komputer Color Graphics Adapter (CGA) Enhanced Graphic Adapter (EGA) Hercules Monochrome Video Graphics Adapter (VGA) Modus yang diberikan oleh video tersebut Modus teks

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grafik

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  1. grafik

  2. Modus video Beberapa macam video(screen) yang digunakan di komputer • ColorGraphicsAdapter (CGA) • EnhancedGraphicAdapter(EGA) • HerculesMonochrome • Video GraphicsAdapter (VGA) Modus yang diberikan oleh video tersebut • Modus teks Layar dibagi menjadi sel berjumlah 25 baris kali 80 kolom, fasilitas jendela menggunakan modus teks • Modus grafik Layar dibagi menjadi pixel. Setiap pixel menampilkan satu titik koordinat X,Y X sumbu mendatar Y sumbu tegak • 639 x 199 pada modus resolusi tinggi CGA • 319 x 199 pada modus resolusi rendah CGA • 639 x 349 pada modus resolusi tinggi EGA • 639 x 199 pada modus resolusi rendah EGA

  3. Memulai dan mengakhiri modus grafik • initgraph(GrDriver,GrMode,NewDriver,NewMode,DrivePath) Argumen GrDriver menentukan jenis video Bila menyertakan fileGRAPDECL.PRO dalam program maka dapat menggunakan konstanta GrDriver atau nilainya, apabila tidak kita hanya dapat menuliskan nilainya

  4. GrMode menentukan modus dari video yang digunakan

  5. * egaMONOcard 64K **egaMONOcard 256K

  6. Pada modus grafik resolusi rendah CGA hanya menampilkan 3 warna dengan kombinasi C0 : hijau terang, merah terang, kuning C1 : biru terang, ungu terang, putih C2 : hijau,merah,coklat C3 biru,ungu,abu-abu terang Pada resolusi tinggi CGA hanya mampu menampilkan gambar hitam putih Argumen DrivePath menentukan direktori tempat filedriver BGI dan font • setgraphmode(Modus) • closegraph • restorecrtmode

  7. Mengatur warna • CGA Pada modus resolusi rendah, CGA mempunyai 4 palet dengan masingmasing palet mempunyai 3 warna

  8. Warna Latar Belakang

  9. Predikat standar • setbkcolor(Warna) • getbkcolor(Warna) • setcolor(Warna) • setpallete(Indeks,WarnaSbn)

  10. Menggambar Menggambar Garis • line(X0,Y0,X1,Y1) • linerel(Dx,Dy) • lineto(X,Y) • setlinestyle(CorakGrs,Pola,Tebal) Argumen Pola Bila = 1 garis digambar dengan warna yg sedang berlaku Argumen tebal Bila = 1 (norm_WIDTH) tebal 1 pixel Argumen tebal Bila = 3 (thick_WIDTH) tebal 3 pixel • setwritemode(ModusTulis) jika 0 semua yg dilalui garis ditimpa warnanya jika 1 warna di kombinasikan

  11. Program buat garis include “GRAPDECL.PRO” GOAL initgraph(cga,cgaC1,_,_,”b:”), line(10,100,200,100), linerel;(50,50), readchar(_), setlinestyle(dashed_LINE,1,thick_WIDTH), lineto(100,50), readchar(_), setlinestyle(dotted_LINE,1,norm_WIDTH), line(10,10,200,100), readchar(_), closegraph.

  12. Menggambar Menggambar Lingkaran • circle(X,Y,Radius) • arc(X,Y,SdtAwal,SdtAkhir,Radius) • getarccord(X,Y,XAwl,YAwl,XAkh,YAkh) • ellipse(X,Y,SdtAwal,SdtAkh,XRadius,YRadius) • pieslice(X,Y,SdtAwal,SdtAkhir,Radius)

  13. Program buat lingkaran pieslice(100,100,0,135,49), setcolor(1), pieslice(100,100,135,225,49), setcolor(2), pieslice(100,100,225,360,49), readchar(_), closegraph. include “GRAPDECL.PRO” GOAL initgraph(cga,cgaC0,_,_,”b:”), arc(150,150,0,89,50), readchar(_), getarccord(X,Y,XStart,YStart,XEnd,YEnd), line(XStart,YStart,XEnd,YEnd), readchar(_), circle(150,100,100), setcolor(1), ellipse(150,100,0,359,100,50),

  14. Menggambar Menggambar SegiEmpat dan SegiBanyak • rectangle(Kiri,Atas,Kanan,Bawah) • bar(Kiri,Atas,Kanan,Bawah) • bar3d(Kiri,Atas,Kanan,Bawah,Tebal,Flag) • drawpoly(ListTitikPoly) • fillpoly(ListTitikPoly)

  15. Program buat segi empat include “GRAPDECL.PRO” GOAL initgraph(cga,cgaC0,_,_,”b:”), drawpoly([50,100,150,75,200,150,50,100]), readchar(_), setcolor(1), rectangle(0,0,100,100), readchar(_), setcolor(2), bar3d(100,10,200,150,10,1), readchar(_), bar(30,30,80,80), readchar(_), setcolor(1), fillpoly([150,10,90,50,50,90,10,50]), readchar(_), closegraph.

  16. Menentukan pola isian • setfillstyle(PolaIsian,WarnaIsian) • floodfill(X,Y,WarnaBatas)

  17. Program include “GRAPDECL.PRO” GOAL initgraph(cga,cgaC0,_,_,”b:”), bar(10,10,50,50), setfillstyle(line_FILL,2), bar(50,10,100,50), setfillstyle(line_FILL,1), bar(110,50,160,75), setfillstyle(line_FILL,1), fillellipse(100,100,50,25), readchar(_), closegraph.

  18. Menuliskan teks Predikat standar • outtext(StringTeks) • outtextxy(X,Y,StringTeks) • settextjustify(Hor,Ver) • settextstyle(Font,Arah,Ukuran) • setusercharsize(KlX,BgX,KlY,BgY)

  19. Program cleardevice, setusercharsize(1,1,1,1), setcolor(2), moveto(12,40), setcolor(1), setTextStyle(triplex_FONT,vert_Dir,user_Char_Size), outtext(“PARA”), outtextxy(50,5,”PESERTA”), setTextStyle(small_FONT,vert_Dir,user_Char_Size), moveto(80,20) outtext(“SEMINAR”), readchar(_). include “GRAPDECL.PRO” GOAL initgraph(cga,cgaC0,_,_,”b:”), setcolor(1), setTextStyle(gothic_FONT,horiz_Dir,0), setusercharsize(2,1,2,1), outtextxy(10,5,”SELAMAT”), setcolor(2),outtextxy(30,45,”DATANG”), setTextStyle(sans_serif_FONT,horiz_Dir,0), setusercharsize(2,2,2,2), setcolor(3), outtextxy(70,120,”SELAMAT”), setcolor(2),outtextxy(80,150,”DATANG”), readchar(_),

  20. viewport Predikat standar • setviewport(Kiri,Atas,Kanan,Bawah,Clip) • setactivepage(Hal) • clearviewport • cleardevice

  21. Program include “GRAPDECL.PRO” GOAL initgraph(cga,cgaC0,_,_,”b:”), setviewport(50,50,200,150,0), outtextxy(10,10”Contoh viewport tak terpotong”), readchar(_), clearviewport, readchar(_), setviewport(10,10,200,150,1), outtextxy(10,20”isi viewportterpotong”), readchar(_), closegraph.

  22. Pixel dan image Predikat standar • putpixel(X,Y,Warna) • getpixel(X,Y,Warna) • getimage(Kiri,Atas,Kanan,Bawah,Map) • putimage(X,Y,Map,Operasi)

  23. Program CLAUSES ulang(Selamat) :- repeat, cleardevice, putimage(0,0,Selamat,0), readchar(_), fail. repeat. repeat :- repeat include “GRAPDECL.PRO” DOMAINS gambar = string PREDICATES ulang(gambar) repeat GOAL initgraph(cga,cgaC0,_,_,”b:”), setcolor(1), setTextStyle(gothic_FONT,horiz_Dir,0), setusercharsize(2,1,2,1), outtextxy(10,20,”SELAMAT”), setcolor(2),outtextxy(30,70,”DATANG”), getimage(0,0,319,199,Selamat), readchar(_), ulang(Selamat).

  24. Program gambar(_,_) :- closegraph. gerak(‘r’,X,319,X,319) :- !. gerak(‘r’,X,Y,X1,Y) := !, X1 = X + 1, putpixel(X1,Y,1). gerak(‘l’,X,1,X,1) :- !. gerak(‘l’,X,Y,X1,Y) := !, X1 = X - 1, putpixel(X1,Y,2). gerak(‘u’,1,Y,1,Y) :- !. gerak(‘u’,X,Y,X,Y1) := !, Y1 = Y - 1, putpixel(X,Y1,3). gerak(‘d’,199,Y,199,Y) :- !. gerak(‘d’,X,Y,X,Y1) := !, Y1 = Y + 1, putpixel(X,Y1,3). gerak(‘#’,_,_,_,_) :- !, exit. gerak(_,X,Y,X,Y). include “GRAPDECL.PRO” DOMAINS koord = integer arah = char PREDICATES gerak(arah,koord,koord,koord,koord) mulai gambar(koord,koord) GOAL mulai. CLAUSES mulai :- initgraph(cga,cgaC1,_,_,”b:”), rectangle(0,0,319,199), gambar(160,100). gambar(X,Y) :- readchar(Z), gerak(Z,X,Y,X1,Y1),!, gambar(X1,Y1).

  25. gerakx(X,Y) :- X< 300,!, setcolor(3), circle(X,Y,20), setcolor(0), circle(X,Y,20), X1 = X + 4, gerakx(X1,Y). gerakx(_,_). gerak_bayangan(X,Y,Warna) :- X>200,!, setcolor(Warna), circle(X,Y,20), X1 = X-4, gerak_bayangan(X1,Y,Warna). gerak_bayangan(_,_,_). gerak_ledak(X,Y,Radius) :- Radius < 75,!, setcolor(1), circle(X,Y,Radius), setcolor(0), circle(X,Y,Radius), X1 = X-4, Radius1 = Radius + 2, gerak_ledak(X1,Y,Radius1). gerak_ledak(_,_,_). animasi include “GRAPDECL.PRO” DOMAINS radius, koord, warna = integer PREDICATES ledak(radius) surut(radius) gerakx(koord,koord) gerak_bayangan(koord,koord,koord) gerak_ledak(koord,koord,radius) GOAL initgraph(cga,cgaC0,_,_,”b:”), ledak(2), surut(50) gerakx(160,100), gerak_bayangan(300,100,2), gerak_bayangan(300,100,0), gerak_ledak(200,100,20). CLAUSES ledak(Radius) :- Radius < 50, !, setcolor(1), circle(160,100,Radius), setcolor(0), circle(160,100,Radius), Radius1 = Radius + 4, ledak(Radius1). ledak(_). surut(Radius) :- Radius > 20, !, setcolor(2), circle(160,100,Radius), setcolor(0), circle(160,100,Radius), Radius1 = Radius – 4, surut(Radius1), surut(_).

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