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International Standards . . . an update

International Standards . . . an update. By: Craig K. Harmon, Q.E.D. Systems President & CEO. Craig K. Harmon • President & CEO Q.E.D. Systems http://www.autoid.org. Chair, ISO TC 122/104 JWG - Supply Chain Applications of RFID Chair, RFID Experts Group (REG)

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International Standards . . . an update

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  1. International Standards. . . an update By: Craig K. Harmon, Q.E.D. Systems President & CEO

  2. Craig K. Harmon • President & CEOQ.E.D. Systemshttp://www.autoid.org • Chair, ISO TC 122/104 JWG - Supply Chain Applications of RFID • Chair, RFID Experts Group (REG) • Chair, U.S. TAG to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 (RFID) • Senior Project Editor ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 (RFID) • Chair, ISO TC 122/WG 4 (Shipping Labels) & ISO TC 122/WG 7 (Product Packaging) • Vice-chair, ASC MH 10 and U.S. TAG to ISO TC 122 (Packaging) • Project Editor, ISO 18185-5 (Electronic Container Seal - Physical Layer) • AIAG Bar Code, Applications, 2D, Tire, Returnables, & RFID Committees • Member, EPCglobal HAG (UHFGen2), FMCG BAG, HLS BAG, SAG, TLS, TDS, AIWG, SBAC • JTC 1 & TC 104 Liaison Officer to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU-R & ITU-T) • Past Chair, ASC INCITS T6 (RFID) - ANS INCITS 256:1999, 2001 • ASC MH 10/SC 8 Liaison Universal Postal Union (UPU) Physical Encoding Group (PEG) • Advisor and Member of USPS Strategic Technology Council • ISO TC 104 & 122 (Freight Containers / Packaging) Liaison Officer to JTC 1/SC 31 • Chairman & Project Editor, ANS MH10.8.2 (Data Application Identifiers) • Project Editor, EIA Shipping Label, Product, Product Package, & Component Marking • Original Advisor, U.S. Department of Defense in Migration to Commercial Standards • Original Project Editor, NATO STANAG 2233 (RFID for NATO Asset Tracking) • Vocabulary Rapporteur to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31, ISO/IEC 19762 - Harmonized vocabulary • CompTIA RFID Subject Matter Expert and RFID Certified Professional (CRCP) - RFID+ • Recipient of the 2004 Richard Dilling Award

  3. Standards Organizations International Universal Postal Union (UPU) (United Nations) International Telecommunications Union (ITU) (United Nations) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 (JTC 1) TC 122 Packaging SC 31 Automatic Data Capture ITU-T (fka CCITT) Telecommunications SC 17 IC Cards TC 104 Freight Containers WG 1 - Symbology WG 2 - Data Content ITU-R (fka CCIR & IFBR) Radio-frequency Issues TC 122/104 JWG SC Apps RFID SC 6 Telcom & info exchbtwn systems WG 3 - Conformance WG 4 - RFID ITU-D (fka BDT) Telecommunications Development TC 8 Ships & Marine Tech WG 5 - RTLS Regional Comité Européen Normalisation Electrotechnique (CENELEC) Comité Européen Postal & Telegraph (CEPT) Comité Européen Normalisation (CEN) ECMA ODETTE National British Standards Institution (BSI) Deutches Institut fur Normung (DIN) Standards Assoc of China (SAC) ANSI AFNOR JISC MHI GS 1 CEA IEEE INCITS AIM Other T6 B10 Industry VDA ATA DoD CEA HIBCC GS 1 AIA Other AIAG EPCglobal

  4. Types of Standards • Technology • Symbology, RFID, I.C. Card, Sensors, RTLS, GPS • Data Content • Semantics (DIs or AIs), Syntax • Conformance • Print Quality, Test Specifications, Conformance to Air Interface • Network • Object-to-object communications • Application Standards • Freight container, RTI, Ship Label, Product Package, Product Mark/Tag, eSeal

  5. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31(Automatic Identification & Data Capture Techniques)

  6. AIDC Focused ISO Standards International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Technical Committee (TC) 122 (Packaging) ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 (JTC 1) - IT WG 4 (Transport Labels) WG 7 (Package Labels) ISO/IEC JTC 1 Subcommittee 31 Secretariat GS1 US National Body (NB) Technical Advisory Groups (TAG) WG 1 Data Carrier WG 4 RF Tags WG 5 RTLS WG 2 Data Structure WG 3 Conformance U.S. TAG Administrator MHI Convener S. Ackley (US) Convener T. Yoshioka (JP) Convener T. Barkan (US) Convener H. Barthel Convener M. Harmon Shipping Labels DAI API Code 39 Linear Print Quality Air Interface 2450 MHz Data Syntax ITF 2D Print Quality Unique RF Tag ID Product Package Marking Unique ID MaxiCode Printing Specs Defs. Logical Mem Map Data Matrix Test Specs BC Printers Application Interface Test Specs BC Readers Encoding Rules EAN/U.P.C. Test Specs BC Verifiers Code 128 Dimensions & Layout PDF417 RFID Performance QR Code Symbology Use (Linear & 2D) RFID Conformance Symbology Identifiers RFID Quality Print Quality Level Label Materials License Plate Recommendations Database / EDI Issues Supply Chain Applications of RFID (122/104 JWG) Technical Committee (TC) 104 (Freight Containers)

  7. Terms & Definitions • ISO/IEC 19762-1, Information technology, Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques — Harmonized vocabulary — Part 1: General terms relating to AIDC • Revision FCD ballot (31n2225) - Ballot period 2007-03-27 to 2007-07-27 • ISO/IEC 19762-2, Information technology, Automatic Identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques — Harmonized Vocabulary — Part 2: Optically readable media (ORM) • Revision FCD ballot (31n2226) - Ballot period 2007-03-27 to 2007-07-27 • ISO/IEC 19762-3, Information technology, Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques — Harmonized vocabulary — Part 3: Radio frequency identification (RFID) • Revision FCD ballot (31n2227) - Ballot period 2007-03-27 to 2007-07-27 • ISO/IEC 19762-4, Information technology, Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques — Harmonized vocabulary — Part 4: General terms relating to radio communications • Revision FCD ballot (31n2228) - Ballot period 2007-03-27 to 2007-07-27 • ISO/IEC 19762-5, Information technology, Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques — Harmonized vocabulary — Part 5: Locating systems • Revision FCD ballot (31n2229) - Ballot period 2007-03-27 to 2007-07-27

  8. Working Group (WG) 4RFID for Item Management ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31Automatic Identification and Data Capture Techniques

  9. Technical StandardsRadio Frequency Identification (RFID) • ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4/SG 3 • RFID for Item Management Air Interface (ISO 18000) • ISO/IEC 18000-1 - Generic parameters - Air interface • ISO/IEC 18000-2 - Parameters for air interface below 135 kHz • ISO/IEC 18000-3 - Parameters for air interface at 13.56 MHz • includes Mode 1 (15693) and Mode 2 (PJM) • draft includes Mode 3 (13,56 physical - Gen 2 logical) • ISO/IEC 18000-4 - Parameters for air interface at 2.45 GHz • ISO/IEC 18000-6 - Parameters for air interface at 860-960 MHz • includes Type A and Type B (INCITS 256) • includes Type C (EPCglobal Gen2) • draft includes battery-assist (PowerPaper and Intelleflex) • new proposed revision for TOTAL • ISO/IEC 18000-7 - Parameters for active air interface at 433.92 MHz • NP 18000-8 - Parameters for long range/high performance active air interface at 860-960 MHz

  10. New SC 31 Work of Interest • 24753 - Sensors and battery assist • 24791 - Software systems infrastructure • 18000, 3m3 - 13.56 MHz with Gen2 Logical Layer • New proposed work area on • Mobile RFID • Mobile item management • Ubiquitous sensor networks (USN)

  11. Dual Frequency for ILT? • There are applications where UHF works best and others where HF works best and the industry should resist attempts to force a one-size-fits-all solution. • The choice of technologies should not be based upon the product type submitted to the reader, not by application; the same receiving line will most likely not receive both pharmaceuticals (HF) and tires (UHF). • Dual tagging of items is NOT an option! • Novel antenna concepts, e.g. fractal antennas, may permit multi-frequency tags • People have a tendency to overestimate technology in the short term and underestimate it in the long term - W. Gates

  12. APPLICATION Sensor Register (based on 1451 TEDS) Data Constructs Register 15961 Commands & Responses 15962 Processes 24753 Processes Battery Status Configure Sensor & Reset Sensor Process Data Compactor Data Formatter Prime Function Code Logical Memory 24753 Sensor Driver 15962 Tag Driver 18000-n Air Interface Protocol Combining Data Protocol & Sensors

  13. ISO TC 122 (Packaging)

  14. ISO TC 122 Project Status • ISO 21067,Packaging — Vocabulary • FDIS balloting underway 2007-03-29 to 2007-08-29 • ISO 15394,Packaging — Bar code and two-dimensional symbols for shipping, transport and receiving labels (Revision of ISO 15394:2000) • DIS balloting underway 2007-03-08 to 2007-08-07 • ISO 28219,Packaging — Labelling and direct product marking with linear bar code and two-dimensional symbols • DIS balloting underway (closes 2007-05-07)

  15. ISO TC 122/104Joint Working Group (JWG)(Supply chain applications of RFID)

  16. ISO TC 122/104 JWG project status • ISO 17363,Supply chain applications of RFID - Freight containers • FDIS circulated 2007-03-22, closes 2007-05-22 • ISO 17364,Supply chain applications of RFID - Returnable transport items • FDIS balloting awaiting graphics • ISO 17365,Supply chain applications of RFID - Transport units • FDIS balloting awaiting graphics • ISO 17366.2,Supply chain applications of RFID - Product packaging • 2nd DIS balloted (DIS closed 2007-02-08/BRM 2007-03-02) • ISO 17367.2,Supply chain applications of RFID - Product tagging • 2nd DIS balloted (DIS closed 2007-02-08/BRM 2007-03-02) Issues • ISO/IEC 18000-3m3 - EPCglobal interference in ISO process • 18000-6C - EPCglobal assignment of bit indication of HazMat

  17. The Layers of Logistic Units (Radio Frequency Identification - RFID) Layer 5 Movement Vehicle (truck, airplane, ship, train) Layer 4 (433 MHz)ISO 17363(Freight containers) Container (e.g., 40 foot Sea Container) Layer 3 (860-960 MHz)(Other 18000 with TPA) ISO 17364(Returnable transport items) Unit Load “Pallet” Unit Load “Pallet” Layer 2 (860-960 MHz)(Other 18000 with TPA) ISO 17365(Transport units) Transport Unit Transport Unit Transport Unit Transport Unit Layer 1 (860-960 MHz with TPA)(13.56 MHz with TPA)ISO 17366(Product packaging) Pkg Pkg Pkg Pkg Pkg Pkg Pkg Pkg Layer 0 (860-960 MHz with TPA)(13.56 MHz with TPA)ISO 17367(Product tagging) Item Item Item Item Item Item Item Item Item Item Item Item Item Item Item Item “TPA” - Trading Partner Agreement Concept Source: Akira Shibata, DENSO-Wave Corporation

  18. ISO TC 104/SC 4/WG 2Electronic Container Seals

  19. Sealing and anti-tamper capability Bolt Seal Security Tag • Electronically secures ocean containers, air cargo ULD containers, trailers, • Monitors presence and integrity of bolt seal, generates alarm upon bolt removal or breakage • Re-usable tag • Reduces manual inspections • Minimizes theft, loss and tampering

  20. Three tags - different purposes Supply Chain Tag - ISO 17363 Container ID Tag - ISO 10374.2 Electronic Seal -ISO 18185

  21. ISO TC 104 project status • ISO 830,Freight containers — Vocabulary • CD passed, approved for DIS registration • Revision of ISO 830:1999, ISO 830:1999/Cor 1:2001 • ISO 17712,Freight containers — Mechanical seals • Publicly Available Specification (PAS) published 2005-11-13 • Draft International Standards (DIS) circulated 2006-12-01 • Draft International Standards (DIS) approval expected 2007-05-01 • Final Draft International Standards (FDIS) expected 2007-07-31 • ISO 18185,Freight containers — Electronic container seals • Part 1, Communication protocol, IS Approved 2007-03-22 • Part 2, Environmental characteristics, IS Approved 2007-03-19 • Part 3, Application requirements, IS published • Part 4, Data protection, IS Approved 2007-03-13 • Part 5, Physical layer, FDIS approval expected 2007-04-14 • Sensors (original Part 5) and Message sets (original part 6) withdrawn • ISO 10374.2,Freight containers — RF automatic identification • IS Issued 1991, Amd 1 1995 • CD balloting closed 2006-03-09

  22. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

  23. IEEE Sensor Standards (IEEE 1451) • IEEE Draft 1451.0, Draft Standard for a Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators – Functions, Communications Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats • IEEE Std 1451.1-1999, Standard for a Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators - Network Capable Application Processor (NCAP) Information Model • IEEE Std 1451.2-1997, Standard for a Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators - Transducer to Microprocessor Communication Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats • IEEE Std 1451.3-2003, IEEE Standard for a Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators—Digital Communication and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats for Distributed Multidrop Systems • IEEE Std 1451.4-2004, IEEE Standard for A Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators — Mixed-Mode Communication Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats • IEEE Draft 1451.5, Draft Standard for a Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators – Wireless Communication Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats • IEEE Draft 1451.6, Draft Standard for A Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators - A High-speed CANopen-based Transducer Network Interface for Intrinsically Safe and Non-intrinsically Safe Applications • IEEE Draft 1451.7, Draft IEEE Standard: Sensors for RFID

  24. IEEE Sensor Coordination (IEEE 1451.7) • Co-chairs - SC 31 & IEEE • Coordination with 24753 - Sensors and battery assist and 18000 standards • Interfaces under consideration • SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) • I2C (I Squared C) • One-wire • UART (RS232/RS485) • Potential synergy with Ubiquitous sensor networks (USN)

  25. EPCglobal

  26. EPCglobal Industry Specifications 94 Groups (as of 2006-09-24) 63 Groups requiring participation

  27. 18000 - 6c & -3m3 Tag Memory

  28. 18000-6C MB “01” x10 x15 x17 x20 x00 x0F x14 x16 x18 x1F Zero fillto thewordboundary Reserved/AFI UII TagEncoding CRC Length PC always “0” for EPC Toggle - always “0” for EPC / “1” for ISO AFIs NSI XPC HazMat Indicator for EPC MB 11 is present

  29. Application Family Identifiers (AFIs)

  30. EPCglobal HF Air Interface WG • Two alternatives proposed • Modification of 18000, Part 3, Mode 2 • Supported by Magellan, Infineon, EM Micro, Zebra, & HighTech Aid • High speed • Modification of 18000, Part 3, Mode 1 • Referred to as 18000, Part 3, Mode 3 • 13.56 MHz physical layer / Gen 2 (18000-6C) logical layer • Same memory layout as Gen 2 (18000-6C) • High speed / high volume of tags in field of view • Supported by NXP (Philips), Texas Instruments, ST Micro, Impinj, TagSys, FEIG, SkyeTek, Sirit, & Q.E.D. Systems

  31. EPCglobal HF Air Interface WG • Decision • Implement tag data structure of UHF Gen 2 • Implement UHF Gen 2 logical layer • Recommend ISO/IEC 18000, Part 3, Mode 3 (13.56/ASK) • Provide an updated 18000, Part 3, Mode 2 (13.56/PJM) as an optional air interface (not required) • Coordinate with UHF AI WG for 4 new features • Bit 15 - Indication of existence and data in user memory (XOR) • Bit 16 - XPC - Extended PC bits (XOR) • Block permalock • Tag re-commissioning

  32. EPCglobal Software Action Group (SAG) Reader Operations WG Reader Protocol WG Reader Management WG Tag Data & Translation Standard WG Security 2 WG EPCIS Phase 2 WG ONS WG Drug Pedigree Messaging WG Filtering and Collection WG EPCglobal Software Action GroupandISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4/SG 1 Work Items ISO/IEC 24791Part 6 Security ISO/IEC 24791 Part 5 DeviceInterface ISO/IEC 24791 Part 3 DeviceMgmnt ISO/IEC 24791 Part 2 DataMgmnt ISO/IEC15962+ ISO/IEC 24791 Part 4 Applica-tionInterface ITU-T NRFID

  33. New EPCglobal Activities of Interest • UHF Air Interface Working Group • HF Air Interface Working Group • Item Level Tagging JRG, Phase 2 • Tag Data JRG • Active Tagging JRG • Sensors and Battery-Assist JRG

  34. ITU-TInternational Telecommunications Union - Technology

  35. Study Group 2 -Operational aspects of service provision, networks and performance Lead Study Group on Service definition, Numbering and Routing. Lead Study Group for Telecommunication for Disaster Relief/Early Warning. Study Group 3 - Tariff and accounting principles including related telecommunication economic and policy issues Study Group 4 - Telecommunication management Lead Study Group on Telecommunication Management. Study Group 5 - Protection against electromagnetic environment effects Study Group 6 -Outside plant and related indoor installations Study Group 9 -Integrated broadband cable networks and television and sound transmission Lead Study Group on integrated broadband cable and television networks. Study Group 11 -Signalling requirements and protocols Lead Study Group on signalling and protocols Lead Study Group on intelligent networks Study Group 12 -Performance and quality of service Lead Study Group on Quality of Service and performance. Study Group 13 - Next Generation Networks Lead study group for NGN and satellite matters. Study Group 15 - Optical and other transport network infrastructures Lead Study Group on Access Network Transport and on Optical Technology. Study Group 16 - Multimedia terminals, systems and applications Lead Study Group on multimedia terminals, systems and applications. Lead Study Group on ubiquitous applications (“e-everything”, such as e-health and e-business). Study Group 17 - Security, languages and telecommunication software Lead Study Group on Telecommunication Security. Lead Study Group on Languages and Description Techniques. Study Group 19 - Mobile telecommunication networks Lead Study Group on mobile telecommunication networks and for mobility. Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG) TSAG reviews priorities, programmes, operations, financial matters and strategies for the Sector, follows up on the accomplishment of the work programme, restructures and establishes ITU-T Study Groups, provides guidelines to the Study Groups, advises the Director of TSB, elaborates A-series Recommendations on organization and working procedures. ITU-TThe standardization work of ITU-T is carried out by the technical Study Groups (SGs) in which representatives of the ITU-T membership develop Recommendations (standards) for the various fields of international telecommunications. The SGs drive their work primarily in the form of study Questions. Each of these addresses technical studies in a particular area of telecommunication standardization. Each SG has a SG Chairman and a number of vice-chairmen appointed by the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA).

  36. JCA-NID • Joint Coordinating Activity - Network ID, including RFID • Establishing liaisons with numerous other TCs and SCs • Next meeting 2007-07-02 • See meeting Report of 2007-02-25

  37. RFID Experts Group (REG)

  38. AIM Global RFID Experts Group (REG) Guidelines • WG 5-I: Interrogator System Implementation & Operations • WG 5-B: Back-up • WG 5-L: Enabled Labels & Packaging • WG 5-R: Recyclability • WG 5-Q: Tag Quality • WG 5-E: Education & Certification • WG 5-G: Global Operation (Regulatory Database) • WG 5-P: Privacy (Public Policy) • WG 5-F: Safety (Public Policy) • WG 5-C: Security (Public Policy) • WG 5-T: Sensors and Transducers • WG 5-S: Technology Selection • WG 5-M: Software & Middleware • AIM Global RFID Emblem

  39. REG Chapters • AIM Global - Coordinator • JAISA - Japan • AIM Global EMEA - Europe, Middle East, & Africa • KARUS - Korea (in cooperation with AIM Korea)

  40. ISO/IEC Implementation TRsto SC 31/WG 4/SG 5 • ISO/IEC DTR 24729-1,Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Implementation guidelines – Part 1: RFID-enabled labels and packaging Source: REG WG 5-L & 5-B • ISO/IEC DTR 24729-2,Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Implementation guidelines – Part 2: Recyclability of RF tags Source: REG WG 5-R • ISO/IEC DTR 24729-3,Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Implementation guidelines – Part 3: RFID interrogator/antenna installation Source: REG WG 5-I

  41. ISO/IEC RFID Tag Quality • ISO/IEC xxxxx-1,Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Conformance – Part 1: Qualification of Design and Manufacture for RFID Source: REG WG 5-Q • ISO/IEC xxxxx-2,Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Conformance – Part 2: Verification of RFID tag quality Source: REG WG 5-Q ISO 17367— Supply chain applications of RFID — Product tagging, Annex A: Proposed guidelines for the verification and qualification of design and manufacture for RFID chips and transponders for tires • To be proposed to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 3/WG 3/SG 1 for new multi-part RFID tag quality standard

  42. ???

  43. Thank You!!

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