Modeling and Design of a Vibration-Based Energy-Recovery System

1. United Arab Emirates University College of Engineering Modeling and Design of a Vibration-Based Energy-Recovery System Rashed Al Mesmari 200405574 Ahmed Al Neaimi 200510256 Salem Al Afari 200504642 Salem Aal Ali 200510532 Project Advisor: Dr. Samir Emam Examination Committee: Dr. Munjed Maraqa Dr. Khalifa Hareb Dr. Farag Omar

2. Aim of the project • Design and model a device of a vibration based energy harvesting system. • Build a system that can produce energy from wind.

3. Achievements of GP1 • Understand energy harvesting background. • Define the problem (The need). • Develop design alternatives. • Select an appropriate design • Develop a conceptual design. • Develop a preliminary design.

4. Objectives of GP2 • Develop the detailed design. • Build the prototype. • Test the system and document the results. • Enhance the prototype. • Publish and communicate the results.

5. Motivation • The demand for clean renewable sources of energy is increasing day-by-day • The nuclear waste issues • Global warming and greenhouse gasses issues

6. Green renewable energy sources • UAE is now heading toward sustainable green energy • Solar and wind sources are available in sufficient amount • Wind energy is the rapid developed area of green energies • Wind energy shows a promising solution for emissions and waste issues

7. Wind Induced Vortices • Wind is used to excite the system to form vortices • Vortices alternate between the upper and lower side of the bluff body • Alternating of vortices produces a translational motion • It is a self excited system • The mechanical power is converted into electricity

8. TheWIVconcept

9. Modeling • The governing equation for the system under consideration can be given as follows: Where • M is the mass of the cylinder • K is the equivalent spring constant • C is the aerodynamic drag coefficient • F is the external exciting force

10. The desired design

11. System’s parameters alternatives • Bluff body material:

12. System’s parameters alternatives • Bluff body shape:

13. System’s parameters alternatives • Number of springs:

14. System’s parameters alternatives • Energy conversion methods:

15. Final design

16. Prototype Implementation • The framework and bluff body are made of wood. • The carpentry work was done outside of the college. • The springs, Coil and magnets are bought from the market.

17. Prototype Implementation • The cost of framework machining and material is about 200 Dhs • The bluff body costs 60 Dhs • The springs sets costs 160 Dhs • The magnet and the coil cost 230 Dhs • The total design costs is 650 Dhs

18. Testing and Improvement • Apparatus: • Wind tunnel is used to have the required air flow with different speed. • The wind tunnel set produces vibration which disturbs the system’s performance • There are some leakage which results in disturbance

19. Testing and Improvement • Apparatus: • Blower with different flow rates gives the needed air flow to initiate the motion. • The blower used from a suitable distance • The flow speed is controllable

20. Testing • Calculate the stiffness of the spring used: • Apply Hook’s law 20

21. Testing • Calculate Frequency and the speed of the vibrating body: VEDIO 21

22. Testing • The system consists of 8 springs. • The average speed of the system is 3.7 m/s. • The amplitude equal to 1.75 cm.

23. Magnet coil Electromotive Force (EMF) 9

24. Electromotive Force (EMF) 10

25. System Output • System extracts a voltage of 0.683V and a current of 6.5mA. • The electric current is alternating because the generation method is going in cycles from bottom point into top point.

26. System Calculation • By lowering the wind speed to get the minimum speed to initiate the system . • With the annual average speed of the wind in the UAE which is equal to 4.6 m/s (9 knots).

27. Efficiency calculation

28. Efficiency calculation

29. Final deliverables of GP2 • The detailed design was developed. • The prototype was built. • Test the system and document the results are done. • Publish and communicate the results are done.

30. Marketing and Commercializing • The project idea can be commercialized in UAE due to: • The demand for other source of energy. • The focus toward cleaner way to produce energy. • UAE is now looking toward welfare of people by : • Providing the healthy environment by hosting researches. • Research centers such as IRENA.

31. Marketing and Commercializing • UAE constructed a multi-billion company called MASDAR. • MASDAR supports projects and researches directed towards green energy. • MASDAR Company was contacted and communicated to support the project to deliver the best outcome of it.

32. Marketing and Commercializing • Project has participated in the Engineering Students Renewable Energy Competition (ESREC 2010) and won the first place.

33. Marketing and Commercializing • The prize was an invitation to General Electric GE research centre, Albany, NY, USA.

34. Recommendations • The project is sustainable • The project provides a solution for renewable energy • The project can be optimized and improved by further studies • The project is documented for future development.

35. WIV System Modular System Recommendations • The device can be used as modular design structure

36. Conclusion • Several systems were studied in order to determine the best system to implement. • A literature search was done for better understanding of energy harvesting concept. • Prototype was made to enhance the physical understanding of the effective parameters of the system. • The number of system's parts and components alternatives were experimented to improve the system's performance.

37. Conclusion • The system depends on green sources to harvest energy • The minimum initiating wind velocity is less than the one required by wind turbine • The capital cost of producing a such system is much cheaper than the cost of wind turbine