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biologiuri da toqsiuri iaraRis konvencia

biologiuri da toqsiuri iaraRis konvencia. leqcia # 7. 1. mimoxilva. bi gavrcelebis reJimi slaidi 2 1925 wlis Jenevis protokoli slaidebi 3 biologiuri da toqsiuri iaraRis konvencia (btik) slaidebi 4-18 arsebuli situacia slaidebi 19-20. 2. bi akrZalvis reJimi.

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biologiuri da toqsiuri iaraRis konvencia

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  1. biologiuri da toqsiuri iaraRis konvencia leqcia # 7

  2. 1. mimoxilva • bi gavrcelebis reJimi • slaidi 2 • 1925 wlis Jenevis protokoli • slaidebi 3 • biologiuri da toqsiuri iaraRis konvencia (btik) • slaidebi 4-18 • arsebuli situacia • slaidebi 19-20

  3. 2. bi akrZalvis reJimi • 1925 wlis Jenevis protokoli • bi (biologiuri iaraRis) gamoyenebis akrZalva • btik • kidev emateba akrZalvebi, mag., bi SemuSavebis Sesaxeb • qimiuri iaraRis konvencia • agreTve faravs toqsinebs • “prevenciis qseli” • emateba sxva monaTesave kanonebi da regulaciebi

  4. 3. 1925 wlis Jenevis protokoli • molaparakebebi daiwyo I msoflio omSi qi gamoyenebis Semdeg • poloneTis delegaciam gamoTqva azri, rom bi aseTive saSiSia da advilad mosapovebeli, amitom saWiroa bi-s damatebac • TiTqmis msoflio mxardaWera da gamonaklisebis ararseboba amJamada aZlierebs akrZalvas gamoyenebaze • protokoli efuZneba adreul SeTanxmebebs, magram Tanamedrove standartebis mixedviT es Zalian martivi xelSekrulebaa

  5. 4. btik • konvencia • molaparakebebi mimdinareobda 1960-iani wlebis bolos/1970-iani wlebis dasawyisSi • amJamad midis universaluri mxardaWerisaken • konvenciis struqtura • winasityvaobaSi aRwerilia momlaparakebelTa miznebi • iuridiuli xelSekruleba Sedgeba 15 muxlisagan • xuTwliani konferenciebi moqmedebis gadasasinjad • konvenciis Sefasebis saSualebas iZleva

  6. 5. btik valdebulebebi (i) • muxli I • “am konvenciis TiToeuli monawile qveyana valdebulebas iRebs, rom arasodes, aranair pirobebSi ar ganaviTarebs, awarmoebs, daagrovebs, an raime sxvagvarad miiRebs, an SeiZens: • 1. mikrobul an sxva agents, an toqsins, miuxedavad misi warmoSobisa, miRebis meTodiTsa, tipisa da raodenobisa, Tuki maT ar aqvT profilaqtikuri, damcavi an sxva mSvidobiani miznebi;”

  7. 6. btik valdebulebebi (ii) • muxli II • gaanadguros nebismieri biologiuri an toqsiuri iaraRi an gardaqmnas is mSvidobiani miznebis Sesabamisad momdevno 9 Tvis manZilze • muxli III • ar gadasces biologiuri an toqsiuri iaraRi arc erT mxares, da ar daexmaros, mouwodos an aiZulos romelime mxare awarmoos an seiZinos isini • muxli IV • miiRos yvela saTanado zoma, raTa miRebul iqnas Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba, nebismier monawile qveyanaSi, raTa Sesrulebuli iyos konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli saerTaSoriso valdebulebebi

  8. 7. btik valdebulebebi (iii) • muxli V • konsultacia gauwios da daexmaros nebismieri problemis gadaWraSi, romelic SeiZleba warmoiSvas, saerTaSoriso procedurebis CaTvliT, gaeros struqturis farglebSi • muxli VI • iTanamSromlos gaeros uSuSroebis sabWosTan nebismier gamoZiebaSi, romelic man SeiZleba wamoiwyos, Tu miiRebs saCivars romelime monawile qveynidan meore monawile mxris mier misi valdebulebebis darRvevis Sesaxeb

  9. 8. btik valdebulebebi (iv) • muxli IX • gaagrZelos molaparakebebi keTilsindisierad, raTa miaRwios SeTanxmebas qimiuri iaraRis ganiaraRebis xelSekrulebasTan • muxli X • iswrafvodes saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobisaken mSvidobiani miznebiT mikrobiologiis gamoyenebaSi daavadebebis prevenciisa da sxva mSvidobiani miznebisaTvis; da gamaxorcielos btik ise, rom Tavidan aicilos monawile qveynebis ekonomikuri da teqnologiuri ganviTarebis an saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis xelis SeSla

  10. 9. btik-is gageba • SeiZleba CaiTvalos, rom btik ramodenime “reJims” Seicavs • Sesabamisobis reJimi • ganviTarebis reJimi • mdgradobis/institucionalizaciis reJimi • kvlevis reJimi • es reJimebi araTanamrad ganviTarda, kerZod, kvlevis reJims damatebiTi SemuSaveba Wirdeba

  11. 10. Sesabamisoba (i) • Sesabamisoba da Semowmeba gansxvavebuli koncefciebia • ganiaraRebis centraluri valdebulebebi mocemulia muxlebSi I,II da III • muxlebi IV,V, VI da VII iZleva meqanizmes efeqturi SemowmebisaTvis • originalur Semowmebis sistemas daemata sxva saSualebebi • ndobis ganmtkicebis zomebi (ngz) SemoRebul iqna 1986 wels da ganmtkicda 1991 wels • VEREX da sxva garkveuli mizniT Seqmnili jgufebi 1990 –ian wlebSi awarmoebdnen molaparakebebs, da maTma muSaobam Sedegad ver moitana Semowmebis protokolis damtkiceba 2001 wels

  12. 11. Sesabamisoba (ii) • ndobis ganmtkicebis zomebi • pirvelad SemoRebul iqna 1986 wels moqmedebis Sesamowmebel meore konferenciaze, da Camoyalibda 1987 wels • moiTxovs yovelwliur deklarirebas Semdegze: • monacemebis gacvla kvleviT centrebze da laboratoriebze, romlebic akmayofilebs Zalian maRal biologiuri usafrTxeobis standartebs • monacemebis gacvla infeqciuri daavadebebis yvela afeTqebaze an toqsinebis msgavs gamovlinebebze, romlebic normalur xasiaTs scildeba • konvenciasTan pirdapir dakavSirebuli biologiuri kvlevebis Sedegebis publikaciebis mxardaWera farTod xelmisawvdom samecniero JurnalebSi • konvenciasTan pirdapir dakavSirebuli biologiuri kvlevebSi CarTul mecnierebs Soris kontaqtebis aqtiuri xelSewyoba, erToblivi kvlevebis CaTvliT

  13. 12. Sesabamisoba (iii) • ndobis ganmtkicebis zomebis gaumjobeseba 1991 wels • ngz-ebi gadaamuSaves da Camoayalibes 7 nawilian dokumentad, romlebic danomtrilia A-dan G-mde • magaliTad, • mgz ‘A’ –Si Seicvalad maRali dacvis mqone laboratoriebis deklarireba erovnuli TavdacviTi saqmianobis deklaraciiT • axali ngz ‘E’ moiTxovs kanonmdeblobis, regulaciebis da btik implementaciis sxva zomebis deklarirebas muxlis IV farglebSi • samwuxarod, ngz-s Cabareba xSirad aradamakmayofilebelia raodenobis, da xarisxis mxrivac • magram amJamad zogi qveyana Tavis deklaraciebs Riad debs internetSi, da samoqalaqo sazogadoebas SeuZlia isini Seamowmos

  14. 13. ganviTareba • muxli X awesebs xelSewyobis valdebulebebs • “am konvenciis monawile qveynebi valdebulebas ireben xeli Seuwyon, da iqonion ufleba monawileoba miiRon yvelaze maRali SesaZlebeli doniT baqteriuli (biologiuri agentebis) da woqsinebis mSvidobiani miznebisaTvis gamoyenebisaTvis saWiro aRWurvilobis, masalebisa da teqnologiuiri informaciis gacvlaSi …” • muxli X agreTve Seicavs regulatorul valdebulebebs • “konvencia unda ganxorcieldes ise, rom Tavidan aviciloT Tmonawile qveynis ekonomikuri an teqnologiuri ganviTarebis Seferxeba… an xeli SeuSalon saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobas baqteriuli (biologiuri) saqmianobis sferoSi…” • es muxli umniSvnelod ganviTarda

  15. 14. mdgradoba/institucionalizacia (i) • muxli XII ambobs • “am konvenciis ZalaSi Sesvlidan 5 wlis Semdeg … monawile qveynebis moqmedebis gadasasinji konferencia… unda Catardes JenevaSi, raTa gadamowmdes konvenciis muSaoba, raTa davrwmundeT, rom konvenciis winasityvaoba da debulebebi, qimiur iaraRze molaparakebebis debulebebis CaTvliT, sisruleSi modis…” • muxli agrZelebs • “…amgvari gadasinjvis dros mxedvelobaSi unda iqnas miRebuli nebismieri axali samecniero da teqnologiuri ganviTareba, dakavSirebuli konvenciasTan.”

  16. 15. mdgradoba/institucionalizacia (ii) • btik ZalaSi Sevida 1975 wels • moqmedebis gadasasinji pirveli konferencia Catarda 1980 wels • moqmedebis gadasasinji meore konferencia Catarda1986 wels • warmoadgina pirveli ngz-ebi • isini daixvewa 1987 wels • moqmedebis gadasasinji mesame konferencia Catarda 1991 wels • warmoadgines ganaxlebuli ngz-ebi • VEREX-is analitikosebs da teqnologiis eqspertebs daevala maTi gadamowmeba

  17. 16. mdgradoba/institucionalizacia (iii) • 1994 wlis specialuri konferencia • VEREX –is mier miRebuli Sedegebis mixedviT specialur jgufs mieca Semowmebis protokolze molaparakebis ufleba • 1996 wlis moqmedebis gadasasinji meoTxe konferencia • mxari dauWira specialuri jgufebis Seqmnas • 2001-2002 wlebis moqmedebis gadasasinji mexuTe konferencia • daawesa axali sesiaTaSoris procesi (sSp) • 20066 wlis moqmedebis gadasasinji meeqvse konferencia • SeTanxmda axali fazis sSp-ebi • SeTanxmda patara implementaciis xelSemwyobi erTeulze (ixe)

  18. 17. kvleva (i) • btik-is muxli !-is teqstSi kvleva naxsenebi araa. • miuxedavad amisa, 1991 wlis gadaxedvis konferenciam aCvena, rom kvlevis ganxilva saWiroa. • “konferenciam aRniSna, rom Ria atmosferoSi paTogenebis an toqsinebis gamoSvebiT eqsperimentebi, romlebmac SeiZleba ziani moutanos adamianebs, cxovelebs an mcenareebs, da romlebic profilaqtikis, dacvis an sxva mSvidobiani miznebiT ar tardeba, ar Seesabameba muxlSi I gamoTqmul debulebebs..” • magram advili ar iqneba gamsazRvra, rodis gadadis kvleva akrZalul saqmianobaSi

  19. 18. kvleva (ii) • 20066 wlis moqmedebis gadasasinji meeqvse konferenciam xelaxla daamowma akrZalvis yovlismomcveli buneba • “konferenciam xelaxla daamowma muxli I-s mniSvneloba, vinaidan is konvenciis sazRvrebi dasaxa. konferenciam ganacxada, rom konvencia aris mravalmxrivi, da rom yvela bunebrivi an xelovnurad Seqmnili mikrobuli da sxva agentebi da toqsinebi, miuxedavad maTi warmoSobisa da miRebis meTodisa, da miuxedavad imisa, isini zemoqmedeben adamianebze, cxovelebze Tu mcenareebze, tipisa da raodenobisa, romlebic ver damtkicdeba, rom isini profilaqtikis, dacvias an sxva mSvidobiani miznebiT gamoiyeneba, erTmniSvnelovnad xvdeba muxli I-is moqmedebis qveS.”

  20. 19. pirveli sSp (i) • 2003-2005 wlebis Sexvedrebis Temebi • “i. konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli akrZalvebis gasatareblad saWiro erovnuli zomebis miReba; sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobis CaTvliT; • ii. paTogenuri mikroorganizmebisa da toqsinebis Senaxvisa da usafrTxoebis uqrunvelsayofad saWiro erovnuli zomebis miReba; • iii. biologiuri an toqsiuri iaraRis saeWvod gamoyenebaze an daavadebebis saeWvo afeTqebebze reagirebis, gamoZiebis da maTi zemoqmedebis SesustebisaTvis saerTaSoriso SesaZleblobebis gaZliereba;

  21. 20. pirveli sSp (ii) • 2003-2005 wlebis Sexvedrebis Temebis gagrZeleba • “iv. rogorc erovnuli, aseve saerTaSoriso instituciusi Zalisxmevis da adamianis, cxovelebisa da mcenareebis infeqciur daavadebebze zedamxedvelobis, deteqciis, diagnostikisa da damarcxebis arsebuli meqanizmebis gaZliereba da gafarToeba; • v. mecnierebisaTvis qcevis kodeqsis SemuSaveba, gamoqveyneba da miReba.”

  22. sanimuSo kiTxvebi • mokled CamoTvaleT bi akrZalvis reJimis ZiriTadi elementebi. ra ZiriTadi naklebis gamosworebaa saWiro? 2. simsma SemogvTavaza, rom biologiuri da toqsiuri iaraRis konvencias aqvs oTxi “reJimi” an ganzomileba. romelia es ganzomilebebi da konvenciis romel muxlebs ukavSirdeba TiToeuli maTgani? 3. ramdenad exeba biologiuri da toqsiuri iaraRis konvencia bioterorizmis problemebs? 4. riTi gansxvavdeba axali sesiaTaSorisi procesi 1990-iani wlebis specialuri jgufebis molaparakebebisagan? rogor fiqrobT, warmatebuli iqneba axali procesi?

  23. wyaroebi (slaidi 2) International Committee of the Red Cross. Responsibilities of actors in the life sciences to prevent hostile use [Online]. 20 January 2004 [Cited 15 September 2008]. Available from: http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/iwpList515/7358E6A439390A02C1256E21004E1195 (slaidi 3) Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare (Geneva Protocol) Geneva, 17 June 1925 Reproduced in International Humanitarian Law Treaties and Documents ICRC. [Online]. [Last updated 2005]. Available: http://www.icrc.org/ihl.nsf/52d68d14de6160e0c12563da005fdb1b/626de49e3227d36dc125641e003a172a

  24. (slaidi 4) The Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention Website. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction [online]. Undated [cited 15 September 2008]. Available from: http://www.opbw.org/convention/conv.html Bradford Project on Strengthening the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC), Video Background Briefings [Online] BDRC [Cited 15 June 2009]. Available from http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/sbtwc/other/video/Sims2A.wvx (slaidi 5) Sims, Nicholas (2001) The Evolution of Biological Disarmament (SIPRI Chemical & Biological Warfare Studies No. 19). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Bradford Project on Strengthening the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC), Video Background Briefings [Online] BDRC [Cited 15 June 2009]. Available from http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/sbtwc/other/video/btwc6.ram

  25. (slaidi6) Japan (2006) Sixth Review Conference of the Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction. Review of National Implementation of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention, BWC/CONF.VI/WP.17 [Online]. 15 November [Cited 15 September 2008]. Available from: http://www.opbw.org/ (slaidi7) Pearson, G. S (2005) Article IV: Lodging of Complaints with and Their Investigation by the Security Council. Key Points of the Fifth Review Conference. Bradford: University of Bradford [online] November [cited 15 September 2008]. Available from: http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/sbtwc/key5rev/contents.htm

  26. (slaidi8) Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (Chemical Weapons Convention). Reproduced in the Organization for the Prohibition of the Chemical Weapons Convention, Available at http://www.opcw.org/chemical-weapons-convention/ (slaidi9) Revill, J., and Dando, M. R (2008) Life scientists and the need for a culture of responsibility: after education … what?. Science and Public Policy, February 35(1), 29-35. Available from http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/beech/spp;jsessionid=5bl1glilpuae.alice (slaidi10) Sims, A. N (2007) The Future of Biological Disarmament: New Hope after the Sixth Review Conference of the Biological Weapons Convention. Non Proliferation Review, 1 July 14(2), 351-372. Available from http://cns.miis.edu/npr/142toc.htm

  27. (slaidi 12) Littlewood, J (2008) Confidence-building measures and the Biological Weapons Convention: where to from here? (Compliance Chronicles. No. 6). Ottawa: The Canadian Centre for Treaty Compliance. Available from http://www.carleton.ca/cctc/docs/CC6.pdf (slaidi 13) Pearson, G. S (2006) Article X: Exchange of Equipment, Materials and Scientific and Technological Information: International Cooperation and Development, Key Points of the Sixth Review Conference. Bradford: University of Bradford [Online] BDRC [Cited 15 September 2008]. Available from: http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/sbtwc/key6rev/contents.htm (slaidi 14) United Nations (2006) Sixth Review Conference of the Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction. Final Declaration, BWC/CONF.VI/6 [Online]. 8 December [Cited 15 September 2008]. Available from: http://www.opbw.org/

  28. (slaidi 15) United Nations (1991) Third Review Conference of the Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction. Final Declaration, BWC/CONF.III/23 [Online]. 27 September [Cited 15 September 2008]. Available from: http://www.opbw.org/ (slaidi 16) United Nations (2000) Ad Hoc Group of the Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction. FOC Marked Text, BWC/AD HOC GROUP/50 (Part I) [Online] BDRC [Cited 15 September 2008]. Available from: http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/sbtwc/ahg50/ahg50.htm (slaidi 17) Tucker, J. B (2004) Biological Threat Assessment: Is the Cure Worse Than the Disease?. Arms Control Today, [online] October [cited 15 September 2008]. Available from: http://www.armscontrol.org/act/2004_10/Tucker

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