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Excretory and Respiratory Systems Review

Learn about vital organs like lungs, liver, kidneys, and their functions in waste filtration, gas exchange, and maintaining internal balance. Discover the structures involved in urine production and the path of oxygen through the respiratory system. Understand gas exchange in the alveoli and the role of vocal cords, diaphragm, and bronchi in breathing. Explore how the medulla controls breathing and the mechanisms of inhalation and exhalation.

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Excretory and Respiratory Systems Review

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  1. Excretory and Respiratory Systems Review

  2. 1.Identify A, B, and D. lung liver kidney

  3. Which organ produces urea? What is the function of D? B - liver • Filter wastes from blood • Regulate water concentration of blood. • Produce urine

  4. What does organ A excrete? Which organ detoxifies the blood? • CO2 and H2O vapor • B - Liver

  5. What are metabolic wastes? Examples? • Wastes from your cells. • CO2, H2O, salts, urea

  6. Identify structures A, B, C, and D. Kidney Ureter Urinary bladder Urethra

  7. Which structure produces urine? What is the path of urine? A - Kidneys Kidneys  ureters  urinary bladder  urethra

  8. What stores urine? What is the function of D? C - Urinary bladder Releases urine from the body.

  9. Which human excretory structure aids in the maintenance of normal body temperature? Why is the skin also an excretory organ? Skin It excretes water, salts and small amounts of urea in the form of perspiration.

  10. A Identify the structures labeled in the diagram. A – nasal cavity B – pharynx C – larynx D – trachea E – bronchi F – bronchioles G – lung H - diaphragm B C D E F G H

  11. A Explain the function of the respiratory system. To carry out gas exchange between the external and internal environment B C D E F G H

  12. A Identify the structure described. 1. Contain a ciliated mucus membrane 2. Voice box 3. Aids in breathing 4. Throat 5. Windpipe B C Nasal cavity and trachea D larynx E F G diaphragm pharynx trachea H

  13. Which is the correct sequence for the path of oxygen through the respiratory system? Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli

  14. 1. The tubes that branch from the trachea are the 2. The dome shaped muscle below the chest cavity is called the 3. During swallowing, the air passage of the pharynx is covered by the 4. Alveoli in the lungs are connected to the bronchi by a network of tiny tubes called 5. Breathing is controlled by the chemistry of your blood as it interacts with the bronchi diaphragm epiglottis bronchioles carbon dioxide

  15. Explain what happens to gases during gas exchange in the alveoli. Oxygen in alveoli diffuses into capillaries (blood). Carbon dioxide in capillaries (blood) diffuses into alveoli.

  16. 1. Where are the vocal cords located in the body? 2. Breathing is an involuntary process controlled by the which part of the brain? 3.What prevents the trachea from collapsing? Where does the actual exchange of gases occur? During gas exchange where does the oxygen and carbon dioxide go? larynx medulla rings of cartilage alveoli O2 diffuses into capillaries. CO2 diffuses out of capillaries and into alveoli.

  17. The ______ is a long straight tube that carries air from the back of the throat to the lungs. trachea

  18. What structures trap foreign particles and bacteria in the nose and trachea? • pharynx        • epiglottis      • cilia        • trachea

  19. The order of air movement with in the lungs is best described as bronchioles to bronchi to alveoli       bronchi to bronchioles to alveoli trachea to bronchi to alveoli        bronchi to alveoli to bronchioles

  20. Where are the vocal cords located in the body? Larynx

  21. During swallowing, the air passage of the pharynx is covered by the epiglottis

  22. The FIRST branches off the trachea are called bronchi

  23. What prevents the trachea from collapsing? rings of cartilage

  24. The dome shaped muscle below the chest cavity is called the diaphragm

  25. Alveoli in the lungs are connected to the bronchi by a network of tiny tubes called • arterioles          • venules        • capillaries           • bronchioles

  26. Inside the alveoli, carbon dioxide and oxygen • are transported along microscopic tubules • are exchanged between air and blood   • are produced inside cells        • are exchanged for other gases

  27. Humans breathe more rapidly during exercise than before it because during exercise the blood contains • an increased level of oxygen • a decreased number of red blood cells • an increased level of carbon dioxide • a decreased amount of hemoglobin

  28. Breathing is controlled by the chemistry of your blood as it interacts with the part of the brain called the medulla

  29. Breathing is an involuntary process controlled by the amount of ____ in your blood. carbon dioxide 

  30. What happens to each of the following during inhalation? Diaphragm Rib cage Pressure in chest cavity contacts (pulls down) expands decreases

  31. What happens to each of the following during exhalation? Diaphragm Rib cage Pressure in chest cavity relaxea (moves up) relaxes increases

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