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Leukemia

Leukemia. Kali Cresent 1 st Hour October 5 th , 2011. What is it?. The rapid increase in white blood cell count. First called “Weisses Blut” by European Physicians. History. Officially diagnosed in 1845 John Hughes Bennett Edinburgh 1913: 4 types diagnosed. History of treatment.

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Leukemia

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  1. Leukemia Kali Cresent 1st Hour October 5th, 2011

  2. What is it? • The rapid increase in white blood cell count. • First called “Weisses Blut” by European Physicians

  3. History • Officially diagnosed in 1845 • John Hughes Bennett • Edinburgh • 1913: 4 types diagnosed

  4. History of treatment • 3 types: Radiation, Chemotherapy, and Arsenic. • Arsenic: Thomas Fowler – “Fowler’s Solution”

  5. History of treatment • Radiation: 1897 studies found that radiation helped reduce tumors. • Chemotherapy: 1940s, Developed from Mustard Gas. ( Germans WW1)

  6. Scientists • John Hughes Bennett • Thomas Fowler • George Hitchings & Gertrude Elion

  7. Foundations • American Cancer Society • National Children’s Cancer Society • Me Fine Foundation Folden, 2 yrs old

  8. Testing • Physical Exam • Blood Tests (CBC) • Biopsy • Spinal Tap • X-Rays, MRI’s, etc.

  9. Major Symptoms • Poor blood clotting • Poor immune system • Anemia • Lesions

  10. Types of Leukemia • There are 4 main types of Leukemia. • Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) • Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) • Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

  11. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia • Rapid multiplication • Childhood Leukemia • Ages 2-8 • Easiest to treat • Lymphocytes

  12. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia • Slow multiplication • 50+ • Lymph nodes & Spleen • Lymphocytes

  13. Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Rapid Multiplication • Granulocytes • 40+

  14. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia • Slow multiplication • Granulocytes • Rare • 30-60

  15. Treatment • Blood Transfusions • Chemotherapy (50+ drugs avail.) • Radiation • Bone Marrow Transplants

  16. Chemotherapy • 3 stages • 1st: Kills Leukemic cells as quickly as possible. • 2nd: Remission, destroys any hidden cells • 3rd: 2-3 years of more drugs to kill remaining cells.

  17. Radiation • High-risk only! • X-rays • Stops cell division

  18. Bone Marrow Transplants • Only considered for CML, AML, or relapsed ALL. • Destroyed bone marrow replaced with new. • Helps produce healthy blood. • Given by needle

  19. Blood Transfusions • Increases RBC’s • Keep hemoglobin normal • Maintain blood level • Life-threatening situations

  20. Transmission/Inheritance • Genetics • Hereditary • Environmental Exposures

  21. Demographics • Any ethnicity, age, gender, location • Survival rates vary by age • Survival rates percentage +

  22. Bibliography • http://rebeccanelson.com/leukemia/history.html • http://cancer.about.com/od/leukemia/a/diagnoseleukemi.htm • http://www.resource4leukemia.com/topics/foundationscharities.html • http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/142595.php

  23. Bibliography • http://depts.washington.edu/drrpt/2002/research/rare.html • Leukemia by Alvin & Virginia Silverstein & Laura Silverstein Nunn • Leukemia by Dorothy Schainman and David E. Newton

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