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Ch. 7-2 Views on Reconstruction

Explore the aftermath of the Civil War in the United States, with a focus on the challenges faced by African Americans, the rise of hate groups, the struggle for civil rights, and the enduring racial divide in the South.

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Ch. 7-2 Views on Reconstruction

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  1. Ch. 7-2 Views on Reconstruction • Federal govt. became the supreme law of the land • Many northerners moved south in search of jobs and to gain political power • African Americans saw some rights soon after the war but lost them

  2. Southern whites wanted to punish newly freed slaves and prevent them from getting any power • Carpetbagger- northerners who moved south for opportunities • Scalawags- southern whites who assisted the northerners • KKK and other hate groups rose in the South

  3. The New South • Only a few plantations survived after the war • Most were divided into several small farms

  4. Blacks During the War

  5. Tenant Farmer- rented a piece of land and farmed it for themselves • Sharecroppers- paid a certain share of their crop to the landlord

  6. Sharecroppers

  7. Economic and Political Reality • Many of the African American rights were not guaranteed in the South • Southern whites were determined to stop blacks from voting • Many blacks won political office

  8. Segregation • Many whites regarded blacks as their social inferiors • Jim Crow Laws- segregated or separated the races • Facilities often said “for Whites only”

  9. Black Codes • Laws that limit the rights of African Americans • Prohibited carrying firearms • Appearing on streets after sunset or traveling without a permit

  10. Radical Republicans • Goal- protecting southern blacks and punishing southern whites • Hated southern govt.’s & the Black Codes

  11. Freedman’s Bureau- goal was to assist former slaves economically • Civil Rights Act 1866- gave Fed. Govt. the right to protect the civil rights of blacks

  12. Military Reconstruction • South divided into 5 military districts occupied by troops • States had to hold new state conventions • South hated the occupation

  13. Reconstruction Legacy • South resented the Republican Party and Northerners • Blacks saw some rights but eventually Black Codes & Jim Crow Laws took away their rights

  14. Civil Rights Cases (1883) • Supreme Court- said Jim Crow practices were Constitutional • 14th Amend applied only to the actions of govt. officials not private citizens

  15. B.T. Washington Win economic opportunity 1st then social equality Vo-tech Jobs WEB Du Bois Opposed Jim Crow laws Win civil rights 1st then economic RIGHTS NOW African Americans Role

  16. Washington vs. Du Bois

  17. Terrorist Pressures • Ku Klux Klan- terrorized southern blacks • Increase in beatings, lynching, and cross burnings

  18. KKK

  19. Election of 1876 • Tilden (D)- Won every southern electoral vote except in S. Carolina, Florida and Louisiana • Hayes (R) won the SC, LA and FL but Tilden said the vote was rigged

  20. Commission was created dominated by Republicans and said Hayes was the winner • Southern Democrats were furious and wanted to take up arms

  21. Compromise of 1877 • Hayes would become the President • His 1st order was to remove the last federal troops from the South

  22. Restoring White Control • Solid South- solidly voted for the Democratic Party • Southern States passed laws preventing blacks from voting • Poll Tax, Grandfather Clause & Literacy Test were common

  23. Civil War Legacy • South hated the North and Republicans • Federal Government proved superior • Blacks are free but still treated as inferiors and slaves

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