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Sources of Democratic Tradition

Sources of Democratic Tradition. 2000 B.C. - A.D. 1689. Overview. Greek vs Roman Judaism Christianity Developments in England. Greek or Roman? BRIEF History. Poll: Greek vs Roman Both Greece and Rome begin to develop around 500 BC Greeks thrive between 500 BC - 133 BC

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Sources of Democratic Tradition

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  1. Sources of Democratic Tradition 2000 B.C. - A.D. 1689

  2. Overview • Greek vs Roman • Judaism • Christianity • Developments in England

  3. Greek or Roman?BRIEF History • Poll: Greek vs Roman • Both Greece and Rome begin to develop around 500 BC • Greeks thrive between 500 BC - 133 BC • Rome emerges in 133 BC after their conquest of Asia Minor

  4. Rome falls in the 400s AD after almost 200 years of peace during the Pax Romana • Both the Greeks and Romans continue to develop their cultures and manage to exist beyond the fall of their empires • Pay attention during the lecture for areas where you can see Roman or Greek influence in life today!

  5. Greek City-states (polis): political unit made up of a city and surrounding land Sparta vs Athens Athens: limited democracy (government by the people) Solon Alexander the Great Political

  6. Move to build empire starting in 270 BC (Julius and Augustus) Pax Romana Twelve Tables (law code) Checks and balances Roman Republic: people choose some officials Senate: wealthy land owners Lead by two consuls Dictator elected by senate in event of war Tribunes: elected commoners to represent cities (veto power)

  7. Greek Expansion throughout Mediterranean leads to trade of artwork Pottery Acropolis Temples Spread with Alexander the Great Roman Developed based upon Greek arts Forum Pax Romana Roads, plumbing Colosseum Art

  8. Greek Polytheistic Roman Starts polytheistic based upon Greek gods During Pax Romana adopts Christianity Religion

  9. Greek Sophists: moral and ethical truths were not opinions, but principles Socrates, Plato, Aristotle Reason as the guiding force for learning Reaching full potential to achieve the “good life” What is the good life? Roman Studied Greek philosophers Stoics: stressed duty; well-being of all people Philosophy

  10. GREECE Water/Sea Mountains Few resources Geography

  11. ROME --wide variety of resources -sea/water

  12. Greece/Rome Post-Lecture Quiz • List three areas of life today where you see Greek or Roman influence.

  13. BRIEF History of Judaism • Known as Hebrews or Israelites • Abraham, Moses leads to Israel 1000 BC • Conquered by Persians, Babylonians, Persians again, then the Romans

  14. Principles of Judaism • Monotheistic • Chosen people • The Torah • Ten Commandments

  15. Scattering • During the Roman expansion, a variety of sects/cults formed off of Judaism • Example: Christianity • Many left their homeland during the Roman period to avoid persecution, but the area of modern day Israel remained the center of the Jewish religion and culture

  16. Brief History of Christianity • Arose during the Roman occupation of Israel among the commoners • Followed Jesus and his apostles

  17. After Jesus’ death the religion continued to spread West throughout the Mediterranean and into Europe (Paul of Tarsus) • People suffering under Roman rule appreciated the ideas of equality and love

  18. Medieval Church • As the church developed it promoted education • Greek philosophers posed a challenge to Christian scholars (reason to discover truths vs accepting ideas based on faith) • Thomas Aquinas -- examines Christian teachings in the light of reason; brings Christian faith and Greek philosophy closer together

  19. Democratic Developments in England • After fall of Rome chaos engulfs Europe • Germanic tribes from Northern Europe fight over the area and little villages throughout the countryside begin to form • In order to protect their villages, neighbors buddy up and provide protection for one another

  20. Feudalism Pyramid KING LORDS VASSALS KNIGHTS PEASANTS

  21. Political Structure • 1. Villages control own area • Constant movement/invasions • 2. Buddy up to protect and leads to feudal system • 3. Strong monarchy • Kings dislike the feudal system -- gives too much control to others • William the Conqueror

  22. Common Law Legal system (courts, jury) Magna Carta Great Charter Rights to nobles and citizens Monarch must obey laws Parliament Similar to Senate in Rome Originally gave advice, leads to larger role that unifies England Limits power of the king Traditions in Development of England

  23. End of Lecture Quiz • 1. List three areas of life today where you see Greek or Roman influence. • 2. What is one way that Greek and Roman early religion differed from Judaism and Christianity? • 3. Draw and label the feudal social structure.

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