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Standardized Tests. Mandated testsSchools and districts use scores for comparing student achievement with previous yearsComparing with national norms and other districts. Purposes. To place and classify studentsTo provide accountabilityTo determine who needs extra help or enrichmentTo create gr
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1. Assessment of Student Progress in Reading and Writing
2. Standardized Tests Mandated tests
Schools and districts use scores for comparing student achievement with previous years
Comparing with national norms and other districts
3. Purposes To place and classify students
To provide accountability
To determine who needs extra help or enrichment
To create groups
Standardized tests often fail to reflect current views of teaching reading and are of little use to teachers day-to-day instruction
4. Formal Assessment-Norm Referenced Norm-referenced- measure a student’s relative standing in relation to comparable groups of students across the nation or locally
Authors seek reliability and validity so that schools can be confident that the tests measure what they intend to measure
Results in standard scores—grade equivalents (in years and months) and percentile ranks (position within a set of 100 scores)
5. Criterion-Referenced Scores are interpreted in terms of specific standards
Designed to match the standards or expectations of what students should know at successive points, or benchmarks
Advantage: Students do not compete with one another, but try to master certain objectives or criterion
Disadvantage: Reading can appear to be merely a set of skills that can be taught and learned in isolation