Cold War and economic growth

1. Cold War and economic growth Standard 20 and 21 Mrs. McClary

2. Promoting democracy after world war ii • Tensions between the US and Soviet Union rose after WWII. • US feared Soviet influence and communism would spread throughout Europe. • Western Europe was mainly democratic and Eastern Europe was mainly communist. • This separation was known as the “iron curtain” • “Policy of containment” or “Truman Doctrine” stated the US would help vulnerable countries to prevent them from falling under Soviet rule.

4. Marshall Plan • Marshall Plan allowed western Europe to rebuild itself after the war. The Allies would pay for the construction. • The Allies wanted to reunify Germany but the Soviets would not allow their portion of Germany to join. • Germany was then divided into Western and Eastern portions. (democratic and communist) • NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was formed to provide military assistance if any member was attacked. • Communist nations did the same with their Warsaw Pact.

5. The policy of containment was introduced as America's foreign policy with the • The Tet Offensive • The Truman Doctrine • The Berlin Airlift • The Marshall Plan [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

7. Spreading communism • Cold War: struggle for world power between the US and the Soviet Union • Domino Theory: if one country fell to communism, its neighbors would likely fall too • Korean War was fought to stop the spread of communism into Korea from neighboring China in 1950. It ended 3 years later without much change.

9. McCarthyism • Americans feared a communist take-over during the Cold War. • The spread of communism in Eastern Europe, China, and Korea made many Americans panic. • Senator Joseph McCarthy led a witch-hunt in the US which accused many Americans of being communist sympathizers. • He accused many celebrities, politicians, and military leaders.

10. mccarthyism

11. What was the focus of mccarthyism? • A presidential bid • Campaign finance reform • A political movement promoting liberalism • Rooting out communism in the US [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

12. Space race • October 4, 1957 the Soviets launched the first satellite into space, Sputnik I. • Americans feared the Soviets could spy on them from space and that the US was behind in technology. • In 1961, the Soviet launch the first man into space, Yuri Gagarin. • The US sent John Glenn to orbit the Earth in 1962. • The race was on to see who could land on the moon first.

13. Cuban Missile Crisis • In 1959, Cuba became the first communist nation in the western hemisphere. • In 1961, the US supported an invasion of Cuba by exiled Cubans which failed miserably, known as the Bay of Pigs. • In 1962, Cuba installed missiles that could reach the US beginning the Cuban Missile Crisis. • The US conducted a naval blockade of Cuba and it looked like war with the Soviets was possible. • Finally, negotiations successfully got the Soviets to remove the missiles and the US to remove its navy.

15. Cuban missile crisis political cartoon

16. Vietnam war • After WWII, Vietnam was divided into North and South. Communist China and the Soviet Union supported the North while the United States supported the South. • The US saw this as an opportunity to stop the spread of communism in Asia. • It was really a civil war between the two sides in Vietnam, with the south aided by the US. • Tet Offensive: attack on major cities, military bases, airfields, and the US embassy by North Vietnam

17. The domino theory held that if one country in a region fell to communism, others would soon follow. This was a factor in… • The Vietnam War • The Warsaw Pact • The Berlin Blockade • The North Atlantic Treaty Organization [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

18. Vietnam war

19. Vietnam war continued… • Tet Offensive shocked Americans and showed many that victory would never be achieved. • It was the turning point of the war. • The war ended in 1975 when South Vietnam surrendered to the communist North. • 58,000 US soldiers died along with about 2 million civilians, 1 million North Vietnamese soldiers, and 200,000 South Vietnamese soldiers. • Many Americans protested the war.

20. Vietnam war protests

21. The decline in public support for the Vietnam war included all of the following except • Scenes of carnage shown on tv • The space race • The death of American soldiers • Protests calling for an end to the war [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

22. American on the move • Population soared in the years following WWII. Know as the “baby boom”. • Levittown: subdivision of 17,447 identical homes that were mass produced and assembled on site. • Suburbs grow after WWII. Suburbs are close to cities but sheltered from urban problems. • GI Bill allows soldiers to go to college for free • US was building interstates, TV's became popular in homes, and people were living the American dream.

23. Why was the 1947 suburban development Levittown of importance? • Levitt was a well-known developer • Other suburban developments failed • It signified a trend in American society • It was the only suburban development for years [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

24. Levittown, long island Ny

25. Television • American’s have TV’s in most homes for the first time. • The first presidential election debate was shown in 1960 between Kennedy and Nixon. • People listening to the radio said Nixon won. TV watchers said Kennedy won. • Watch Neil Armstrong walk on the moon on July 20, 1969. • US had entered the age of information.

26. In 1950, 4 million homes had a tv. By 1960, 45 million homes had a tv. What does this indicate? • An increase in prosperity • A distaste for modern technology • A rise in the use of the automobile • A downward trend in the entertainment industry [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

27. TV changes america

28. Vietnam media clips • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QazmVHAO0os • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZPr9g3EVz-o&has_verified=1 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iLyBazkpUFQ&feature=fvw

29. What had a major impact on the outcome of the 1960 kennedy-nixon debates? • Political platforms • radio • computers • television [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]