The Republicans Take Power

1. The Republicans Take Power 9-1

2. Objectives • How the election deadlock of 1800 was resolved. • How John Marshall strengthened the Supreme Court.

3. Election of 1800 President John Adams sought a second term. He was challenged by Thomas Jefferson, Aaron Burr, and Alexander Hamilton.

4. Election Results No candidate received a majority of the electoral votes. The House had to decide the election. On the 35th ballot, Thomas Jefferson was chosen President. Aaron Burr finished second in the balloting and he became vice president.

5. 12th Amendment To prevent the debacle of the 1800 election, the 12th Amendment was adopted and ratified having electors for for president and vice president on separate ballots.

6. Jefferson’s Inauguration Jefferson tried to bring a more relaxed feeleling to the white house. He believed in state’s rights. He cut the federal budget.

7. Jefferson’s Contradiction Jefferson was the author of the Declaration of Independence. In it he wrote “all men are created equal”. Yet, he himself was a slave owner.

8. Jefferson’s Cabinet Jefferson surronded himself with men who shared his political beliefs: James Madison, Albert Gallatin, and Alexander Hamilton.

9. Judiciary Act of 1801 Passed before Adams left office, it created more courts and opportunities for Adams to appoint judges of his choosing. John Marshall was appointed Chief Justice in 1801 and served for 35 years.

10. Marbury vs. Madison James Marbury was appointed to a federal judgship but his commission (papers authorizing him to be a judge), were witheld by James Madison. Marbury sued to get his commission. The Supreme Court ruled on the case establishing the principle of Judicial Review.