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East African Drought Case Study

East African Drought Case Study. Laura Hagerott Year 11. “Worst drought in 60 years: 12 million Africans face 'fight for survival’” (NBC NEW – WORLD BLOG). WHAT IS A DROUGHT?. Prolonged period of abnormal precipitation Results in a shortage of resources

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East African Drought Case Study

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  1. East African Drought Case Study Laura Hagerott Year 11

  2. “Worst drought in 60 years: 12 million Africans face 'fight for survival’” (NBC NEW – WORLD BLOG)

  3. WHAT IS A DROUGHT? • Prolonged period of abnormal precipitation • Results in a shortage of resources • Play a key role in triggering other issues e.g. – Mass Migration (Refugees) • - Famine • Humanitarian Crisis • Meteorological Drought

  4. LEDC CASE STUDY - EAST AFRICA • Easterly region of Africa • Also called ‘Horn of Arica’ • Surrounded by South Atlantic ocean • inclusive are Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia and other bordering countries • Somalia – Mogadishu is a category 5 • Ethiopia - Addis Ababa of is a category 2 • Kenya - Nairobi is a category 2

  5. When; Timeline of Events • February 2011 – Suspicions of drought increasing • - World vision says the drought is at a level of Category 3 • May 2011 – Lack of rain season say resource cost rise by 60 % • Mid July – Realisation of ongoing drought • July 20th 2011 – Famine as consequence of drought • July 22nd 2011 – Ban reinforced; rejecting foreign aid • July 24th 2011 – Ban lifted; Food supplies and health aid distributed • 29th July 2011 – UN press released that $2.4 bil USD needed • 10th August – 3.7 mil are at risk of famine • Warning continue throughout August • September 2011 – Heavy rainfall which halted foreign relief

  6. What caused the drought? • Cause by ‘La Niña’ • El Niño- Southern Oscillation • Interrupted 2 consecutive rain seasons • 30 % decrease from preceding year (2010) • Began June 2010 To May 2011 • Pacific Ocean

  7. La Niña Oscillation • Ocean climate patter • Occurs across tropical Pacific • Causes sea temperature to drop across equatorial Eastern Central Pacific Ocean • 3 – 5 degree reduction • Causes dryness or drought

  8. Economic effects • economic growth fall of 0.3 % • Spending boost of 15 % in Kenya and 4 % in Uganda • Power outages increase from 6% to 7.2 % in 2011 • growth of barley flat lined 15 % decrease • Centrifugal sugars – 4.73 % • Corn production – 17.65% • Cotton growth – 100.8 % • Wheat production fall of 2.27 % flat lining at 0%

  9. Social Effects VIDEO ; http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOQqMGk1qsU • Thousands dead • 80 % in east Africa suffering from malnutrition • mass migration Somalia –to Kenya • Displaced families • Over 400 000 refugees • overcrowded refugee camps • Famine

  10. Environmental Effects • Degradation land • Desertification • Soil degradation • Habitat • Animal • Fauna • Diseases in plant species • Increase in predatory attacks • Sever fired • Vulnerability • Soil erosion

  11. Political Issues • Allowance of troops • Easing conflict • Stabilizing economy • Long term strategies for the future • National government committees focusing on drought impacted regions in East Africa

  12. Mitigation • Supplemental irrigation • Rehabilitation • Livestock management • Conservation of agriculture • Sustainable land management • Water harvesting

  13. Foreign Aid

  14. Reference List • ADDIS. J. 2011. Horn of Africa. Website. http://www.wvi.org/wvi/wviweb.nsf/updates/D58938E07B6CADBE8825790A0049E9F6?opendocument . 6th November • ALIKAWNI. 2011. Somalia drought crisis 2011. Website. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOQqMGk1qsU . 6th November • COTTHEM, W. 2008. Drought Effects. Website. http://desertification.wordpress.com/2008/10/15/drought-effects-on-the-environment-and-some-solutions-gologle-greenpack/ . 6th November • IMARA. 2011. East Africa to see slowdown in economic growth . Website http://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/east-africa-to-see-slowdown-in-economic-growth/10452/ . 6th November • TELEGRAPH. 2011. Horn of Africa: Drought Timeline. Website. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/somalia/8721544/Horn-of-Africa-drought-timeline.html . 6th November • WIKI. 2011. East Africa Drought. Website. • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_East_Africa_drought . 6th November • WOLF, C. 2011. La Nina's Distant Effects in East Africa: Droughts and Floods Are Remote-Controlled Climate Effects. Website. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110804141754.htm . 6th November 2011.

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