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English Civil War & Glorious Revolution

English Civil War & Glorious Revolution. Divine Right of Kings…to…Constitutional Monarchy. But First…. Let ’ s Flip. SAQ (12 minutes).

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English Civil War & Glorious Revolution

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  1. English Civil War & Glorious Revolution Divine Right of Kings…to…Constitutional Monarchy

  2. But First… • Let’s Flip

  3. SAQ (12 minutes) • Briefly explain why ONE of the following nations’ governments best embodies the idea of an absolutist monarchy in the 17th and early 18th centuries (Use an example of a policy from ONE specific monarch to support your argument) • France, Prussia, Russia, or Austria • Briefly explain why ONE of the other nations in the list above represents a less successful example of absolute monarchy. • Briefly explain ONE way in which absolutism differed between Central/Eastern and Western Europe.

  4. England: The Stuarts • Elizabeth I hand picks James VI of Scotland…now James I • James I • Pisses off Puritans, including many gentry • Charles I • Petition of Right • 11 Year Tyranny • Tried to arrest radical members of Parliament • Civil War

  5. English Civil War (1642-1646) The Commonwealth of England (Cromwell’s rule) …wasn’t much fun

  6. Restoration • Charles II: Invited back. Restored Anglican Church but sympathetic towards Catholics • James II: Catholic • Has a son…which scares Parliament…so…

  7. Glorious Revolution (1688 *Hub*) • William of Orange and Mary are invited to invade England • James II flees to France (which is Catholic) • English Bill of Rights passed **ESTABLISHES CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY AND POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY**

  8. Mannerism (1520-1600)

  9. The Changing Role of the Artist • Giorgio Vasari’s Lives of the Artists, 1568. • He believed that theartist was no longer just amember of a crafts guild. • The artist was an equal inthe courts of Europe with scholars, poets, and humanists. • Therefore, the artist shouldbe recognized and rewarded for his unique artistic technique [maneria].

  10. Background • Late Renaissance [Pre-Baroque]. • Art was at an impasse after the perfection and harmony of the Renaissance. • Antithetical to the principles of the High Renaissance. • From the Italian de maneria. • A work of art done in the artist’s characteristic “touch” or recognizable “manner.” • First used by the German art historian, Heinrich Wölfflin in the early 20c. • Influenced by Michelangelo’s later works.

  11. Michelangelo’s “Last Judgment”(Sistine Chapel)

  12. Michelangelo’s “Last Judgment”(Sistine Chapel – left side)

  13. Michelangelo’s “Last Judgment”(Sistine Chapel – right side)

  14. Features of Mannerism

  15. 1. Replace Harmony With Dissonance & Discord • “Susanna & the Elders” • Alessandro Allori • Twisted bodies or “weight shift” [contrapposto]

  16. 2. Replace Reason with Emotion • “Pietà” by Rosso Fiorentino • 1530-1540

  17. “Pietà” by El Greco • 1587-1597

  18. 3. Replace Reality with Imagination • “The Mystic Marriage of St. Catherine” • Parmigianino • 1525-1527

  19. “Charity” • Andrea del Sarto • 1518 • An allegory of the French royal family.

  20. 4. Create Instability Instead of Equilibrium • “The Rape of Helene” • Francesco Primaticcio • 1530-1539

  21. 5. Bodies Are Distorted • “Christ in Agony on the Cross” • El Greco • 1600s. • An attempt to express the religious tensions of the times.

  22. “Adoration of theName of Jesus” • El Greco • 1578-1580.

  23. “Adoration of the Name of Jesus”(details) • Philip II of Spain • El Greco • 1578-1580

  24. “The Baptism of Christ” • El Greco • 1608-1628.

  25. “Portrait of a Cardinal” • El Greco • 1600

  26. “St. Jerome” by El Greco • 1587-1597

  27. 6. Colors are Lurid • “The Tempest” • Giorgione • 1510

  28. “The Calling of St. Matthew” • Caravaggio

  29. “The View from Toledo” • El Greco • 1597

  30. 7. Pictoral Space is Crowded • “Madonna with the Long Neck” • Parmagianino • 1534-1540

  31. “Joseph in Egypt” • JacomoPontormo

  32. “The Last Supper” • Tintoretto • 1594

  33. 8. A Void in the Center • “Bacchus & Ariadne” • Titian • 1522-1523 ?

  34. “Pastoral Concert” • Giorgione • 1508-1510 ?

  35. 9. Hanging Figures • “The Annunciation” • Jacopo Tintoretto • 1583-1587

  36. “Moses Drawing Water form the Rock” • Jacopo Tintoretto • 1577

  37. Baroque Art & Architecture

  38. Baroque • 1600 – 1750. • From a Portuguese word “barocca”, meaning “a pearl of irregular shape.” • Implies strangeness, irregularity, and extravagance. • The more dramatic, the better!

  39. Baroque Style of Art & Architecture • Dramatic, emotional. • Colors were brighter than bright; darks were darker than dark. • Counter-Reformation art. • Paintings & sculptures in church contexts should speak to the illiterate rather than to the well-informed. • Ecclesiastical art --> appeal to emotions. • .

  40. Counter-Reformation Church Art & Architecture

  41. St. Peter’s Basilica, Vatican Cityby Gialorenzo Bernini

  42. Church of Santiago de Compostella, Spain

  43. Church of Veltenberg Altar, Germany

  44. “The Assumption of the Virgin Mary”Egid Quirim Asam, 1692-1750

  45. Altar of Mercy, Germany, 1764

  46. “St. Francis in Ecstasy”Caravaggio, 1595

  47. “The Flagellation of Christ” by Caravaggio

  48. “David and Goliath” by Caravaggio

  49. “Salome with the Head of the Baptist” by Caravaggio

  50. “The Cardsharps”Caravaggio, 1595

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