Korea and the World (3) Introduction to UN

1. Korea and the World (3)Introduction to UN 2010. 9. 14. 김병구 bkkim9@konyang.ac.kr

2. This Week in Brief • 한.러 정상회담(푸/메/이, 9.9-10) • 동시베리아 자원개발(가스, 석유) 참여 • 日 방위백서, “竹島는 일본 땅” 지속 • 인접국간 영토 분쟁 사례 • 東海 (East Sea) 표기 분쟁 • 미 인터넷 Social Network Service 순위 • 1. Facebook, 2. Google (YouTube, G-mail) • 3. Yahooo

3. Why UN was created? • The First World War (1914 - 1918) • End of Hapsburg, Ottoman, Romanov empires • Bolshevik Revolution, birth of communism • League of Nations, Geneva • Reasons for failure • The Second World War (1939 - 1945) • The war to end all wars • UN created (1946): The Allied Forces under US lead • 192 Member States • Permanent seat in Security Council with veto power • P5: US, USSR, UK, FRA, CPR

4. UN Missions • Regional disputes • Peace Keeping Force dispatch • Korean War (1950-1953): the first UN PKF • Economic developments • Support Least Developed Country, poverty • Millennium Development Goals • World Bank, IMF long term financing • International regulations, standards • Global issues: aerospace, maritime, nuclear, health • Safety/operations/quality standards

5. UN Organizations • UN headquarters • New York, Geneva, Vienna, Nairobi • Reporting to UNSG • GA, SC, ECOSOG, Int’l Justice, etc. • Special organizations • WHO, IAEA, UNESCO, IMF, etc. • Statute, Member States • UNSC Board Members (15) • Election of SG, highest decision body • P5 + rotating 10 MS

6. UN Secretaries-General • 1946-52 Trigve Lie NOR • 1953-61 Dag Hammarskjold SWE • 1961-71 U Thant BUR • 1972-81 Kurt Waldheim AUS • 1982-91 Javier Perez PER • 1992-96 Boutros Boutros-Ghali EGY • 1997-06 Kofi Annan GHA • 2007- Ban Ki-moon ROK

7. Dag Hammarskjold

8. UN Secretaries-General • Dag Hammarskjold under Soviet pressure (1960) • Ban Ki-moon at Chile earthquake (2010)

9. UN Budget & Finances • Base rate • Proportional to GDPUS 25%, JPN 19%, GER 11%,…ROK 2.1% • Adjusted every 3 years • Regular budget • Staff salary, overhead, baseload missions • Discretion of the Secretariat • Extra-budgetary contribution • Donor specifies missions, recipient • Voluntary contribution

10. UN Reform Proposals • Simplified organizations • Needs to meet the changing demands • Delivering-as-One • Integrated UN offices in the region • Pilot country demonstration projects • Asia: BGL, LA: URG, AF: TAN, EU: ALB • Reforming the Security Council • Expanding permanent P5 • JPN, GER, BRA, INA

11. UN Staffs • Functional categories • P1 - P5 : professional, > BS/BA degrees • GS1 - GS6 : admin supports • Temporary : Intern, JPO • Official languages(6) • English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic • Formal meetings/publications : all 6 lang. simul. Trans. • Working level meetings, reports : English only • Qualifications • Language + professional knowledge + experience • Global open mind : curiosity, positive thinking, fairness • Korean staffs in UN

12. Global Mind C.P.F. • Curiosity • Diverse culture, history, customs • Multiple languages (English +) • Positive thinking • Ask ‘why not?’ • Fairness • Trans-national, racial, religions • Common interest over personal bias

13. Globalization and Global Mind • Importance of communication • Conversations, listening, confidence building • Speaking, reading, writing • Global mind at KYU • Global Communication Center (E, C, J) • Essential to international competitiveness • My level of global mind ???

14. Homework • What are the recent examples of international territorial disputes? • What are the root causes and remedies?