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Organization of matter

Organization of matter. Mixtures. Pure substances. Homogenous. Solutions Alloys. Heterogeneous. Compounds. Elements. Suspensions Colloids. Covalent bonds Share electrons Metalloids-none-metal ( M-NM) H-NM-O True bond. Transfer of electrons M-NM H and NM Forms ions. Acids.

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Organization of matter

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  1. Organization of matter Mixtures Pure substances Homogenous • Solutions • Alloys Heterogeneous Compounds Elements • Suspensions • Colloids • Covalent bonds • Share electrons • Metalloids-none-metal (M-NM) • H-NM-O • True bond • Transfer of electrons • M-NM • H and NM • Forms ions Acids Bases Salts

  2. Note: Ion: a charged atom. It is not neutral. # of protons does not equal to the # of electrons Positive ion: cation Negative ion: anion Radical: polyatomic ion

  3. Acids Inorganic H-NM H-R where R is a radical group or a polyatomic ion that does not contain carbon Organic R-H where is a radical or a polyatomic ion that contains carbon Example: C2H5COOH →C2H5COO-1 + H+1 Examples: HCl(aq)→H+1 + Cl-1 HNO3(aq) →H+1 + NO3-1 H2SO4(aq) →H+1 + HSO4-1 HSO4-1(aq) →H+1 + SO4-2 Note that (aq) stands for aquaeous which means it is dissolved in water. Since it is dissolved in water, it dissociates to form ions.

  4. Bases M-OH R-OH Where R is a radical or a polyatomic ion that does not include a carbon atom NaOH(aq)→ Na+1 + OH-1 NH4OH(aq) → NH4+1 + OH-1 Ba(OH)2(aq) → Ba+2 + 2 OH-1

  5. Salts M-NM M-R NaCl(aq) → Na+1 + Cl-1 BaCl2(aq) → Ba+2 + 2 Cl-1 Na2CO3(aq) → 2 Na+1+ CO3-2 Ba(NO3)2(aq) → Ba+2 + 2NO3-1

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