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Bobby Caples - Industrial Revolution 2

Bobby Caples - Industrial Revolution part 2. bobbycaples.org

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Bobby Caples - Industrial Revolution 2

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  1. The Industrial Revolution Spreads to North America

  2. Review • Industrial Revolution began in Britain => became the world’s leading industrial power. • Inventions and ideas that were developed in Britain were then taken to other parts of the world. • Inventions and ideas taken to North America by new immigrants who were settling the land => began the development of American industry.

  3. Movement of Industrial Knowledge to the United States • B/se Britain wanted to keep their advantage over the rest of the world, the gov’t tried to prevent the spread of industrial technology to other countries. • Main challenge?

  4. How Could Britain Try to Prevent the Movement of Industrial Knowledge to the US? • Penalties if caught smuggling plans or blueprints of the new machines out of the country. • Laws to prevent immigration of skilled workers to American colonies. • Laws made recruiting immigrants an offense.

  5. Sam Slater:Traitor or Hero? • b1768 • When he was 15, he became an apprentice in a textile mill • Hard worker, promoted to the position of overseer in the mill • Learned of recruiting agents for the Americas • Philadelphia newspaper reported a reward of 100 pounds for anyone who could produce replacement parts for Harbreaves’ spinning jenny. • Goal: once his apprenticeship was complete (6 ½ years), he would immigrate to the Americas (seen as land of promise)

  6. Sam Slater:Traitor or Hero? continued… • 1789: at 21 years of age, Slater sailed to the newly independent United States (after American War of Independence) • Memorized the technical drawings of textile machines • However, he needed his apprenticeship papers to prove to the Americans that he was a skilled textile worker – sewed them into the lining of his coat.

  7. Sam Slater:Traitor or Hero? continued… • Disguised himself as a farmer, boarded a ship, and arrived in New York in November, 1789 • Heard that Moses Brown, a Quaker from Pawtucket, Rode Island, was having trouble w/his textile machines • Moses Brown – mill owner • Quaker: a member of the Religious Society of Friends. The Quakers are a group of Christians who use no scripture and believe in great simplicity in daily life and in worship. Their services consist mainly of silent meditation

  8. Sam Slater:Traitor or Hero? continued… • Slater offered to help Brown with a money-back guarantee: “If I do not make as good a yarn as they do in England, I will have nothing for my services.” • Brown hired him • Slater soon regretted his promise…why?

  9. Sam Slater:Traitor or Hero? continued… • Brown introduced Slater to Orziel Wilkinson • Wilkinson owned an iron foundry, worked w/his four sons • Foundry was not as developed compared to British factories, but the Wilkinsons were skilled & Slater redrew all the parts from memory • Wilkinsons were able to built all the parts

  10. Sam Slater:Traitor or Hero? continued… • December, 1790 (13 months after Slater arrived in New York): Slater had Brown’s 72-spindle machine running properly • 1793: Slater rebuilt the mill when it became inadequate to meet the demand for cloth

  11. Sam Slater:Traitor or Hero? continued… • Slater developed a partnership with David Wilkinson. • Son of Orziel Wilkinson • 1809: 17 mills around Providence, Rhode Island, w/a capacity of 14,290 spindles. • Picture of Slater’s first mill (page 16 of your textbook) • What do you notice about the picture?

  12. Sam Slater:Traitor or Hero? continued… • April 20, 1835: Sam Slater died • a • A • Textile industry in the USA became the foundation for other industries. • Textile industry in USA remains one of the most important industries today. … • Was Sam Slater a traitor or a hero?

  13. Water Power in New England The states of New England are Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Together, they form the northeasternmost point of the United States. • Water power was essential for the new textile machines. • New England states fortunate b/se they had a large number of streams that would supply the needed power

  14. Geography & Politics • New England’s geography and politics helped to foster the growth of the textile industry b/se: • A • A • A • a

  15. Considering an Essential Question • Was the British government justified in passing laws to prevent the export of industrial technology?

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