Presentation Transcript

1. Chapter 5 Study Guide

   Researching and Evaluating Internet Information

2. What is the Internet?

   A network of billions of computing devices, people, and static documents, with ever-increasing numbers.

3. What is information and communication technology literacy (ICT)?

   The ability to use digital information, computer communication tools, and electronic networks to share ideas and solve problems.
4. According to the American Library Association, what are the two things everyone must know in order to do successful Internet research (information literacy)? 1. Access information: locate materials and resources on the web 2. Assess information: evaluate the usefulness, accuracy, and quality of what is found
5. What are the five technology–based literacy skills the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) say students need besides the basic competencies of reading, writing, and computation to live and work successfully in the future (21st-century literacies)? 1. Proficiency with technology tools 2. The ability to build relationships and solve problems collaboratively. 3. The capability to design and share information 4. The capacity to analyze and evaluate information from multiple sources 5. The ability to handle information in ethical ways

6. What is information technology fluency (IT fluency)?

   The ability to use computers, the Internet, and other information and communication tools easily and appropriately. Also -Understanding technology from the inside, knowing the inter-workings, and speaking the language of the field.

7. What does being fluent with Information Technology (IT FITness) mean?

   Students begin to evaluate, learn about, and use new information technologies both personally and professionally.

8. What is an information search?

   The process of locating information by looking through paper and electronic resources and databases.

9. What is information research and retrieval?

   The ability to locate, evaluate, and use information derived from paper or electronic resources.

10. What is Web Information Retrieval?

    The process of locating and analyzing information within the vast, interconnected databases of the Internet.
11. What are the three characteristics of Web Information Retrieval that have transformed how teachers and students research and retrieve information? 1. Dynamic: constantly changing 2. Self-organized: anyone can post and link 3. Hyperlinked: tied together electronically

12. What is a Search engine and how does it work?

    It is a software program that uses networks of computers to access information about a topic from its databases and retrieves the information from the Internet with amazingly fast speed.

13. List at least three of the most used general search engines not designed specifically for kids.

    1. Google 2. Yahoo! 3.MSN 4. AOL 5. Ask 6. Bing

14. What are the three ways Google ranks it’s Web pages?

    1. Keywords 2. Popularity 3. Cross-listing with other sites

15. What is a keyword?

    Words or phrases used by search engines to locate matching Web pages while limiting searches by focusing on specific categories.

16. List at least three general search resources designed for children.

    1. KidsClick! http://www.kidsclick.org/ 2. Ask for Kids http://www.askkids.com/ 3. Search 22 http://www.search-22.com/ 4. Clustyhttp://search.yippy.com/ 5. Yahoo!Kidshttp://kids.yahoo.com/ 6. Quinturahttp://www.quintura.com/
17. Why are educationally specialized search resources more beneficial for teachers and students to use than using keywords on a general search engine? They focus on curriculum, educational standards, learning materials and school-related.
18. What are the four specific criteria for evaluating whether a website communicates effectively to children according to the Children and Technology Committee of the Association of Library Service to Children? 1. The purpose and content of the site is clear. 2. The content encourages exploration and thinking. 3. The site is easy to access. 4. The site takes advantage of the Web’s capabilities- it does more than can be done in print.

19. List at least three specialized educational search resources designed for children.

    1. FirstGovfor Kids http://www.kids.gov/ 2. NASA Kids Club http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forkids/kidsclub/flash/index.html 3. The Why Files: Science behind the News http://whyfiles.org/ 4. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Kids’ Pages http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ahrpa/opa/kids/ 5. Time for Kids http://www.timeforkids.com/ 6. Smithsonian Education http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/students/

20. In what ways can teachers and parents ensure safe online experiences for children?

    1. Preselect sites 2. Using software programs that will monitor, block, and report data-related sites visited by children

21. How does electronic note taking improve teacher and student efficiency?

    It transfers the work of hand filing and organizing to the computer so students and teachers can concentrate on the content and meaning of written materials.

22. What are two electronic note taking tools useful for teachers and students?

    1. NoteStarhttp://notestar.4teachers.org/ 2. Office OneNote http://office.microsoft.com/en-ca/onenote/meet-onenote-HA101807936.aspx

23. What is Google for Educators http:/www.google.com/educators?

    A one-stop source of academic information, curriculum ideas, and productivity tools to promote innovation in teaching.

24. What is a Web browser?

    A computer application that allows the computer to search (or browse) the Internet, collecting information on whatever topics are requested.

25. List three popular Web browsers.

    1.Microsoft Internet Explorer 2. Mozilla Firefox 3. Apple Safari

26. What are the three search strategies involved in searching the Web?

    1. Free-Text Search (full-text search) 2.Keyword/Exact Match Search 3. Boolean Search

27. What is a free-text search(full-text search)?

    An inclusive type of Internet information search that shows all results including one or more words in a phrase that was entered in the query.

28. What is a Keyword Search (Exact Match Search)?

    It retrieves only resources that contain exactly the word or phrase typed into the text box. The word must be found in the title, keyword, or description fields of a resource to be included in the results.

29. What are the three operators used in a Boolean Search and how are they used?

    1. OR Operator: will include any and all words or phrases joined 2. AND Operator: the return must contain all words or phrases joined- more restrictive 3. NOT Operator: used to exclude a certain word

30. What is Wikipedia?

    An online encyclopedia created and edited by a world-wide community of users. Information may be more up-to-date, but it may contain bias and inaccuracies.
31. What are the three possible results of requesting dispute resolution on Wikipedia if information found is factually or conceptually wrong or not neutral? 1. The information in an entry is modified. 2. The information in an entry is expanded to include all competing points of view about a topic. 3. The entry remains the same if the person who made the dispute is unable to substantiate claims of bias.

32. What are the five criteria for online information to be considered high-quality according to the American Library Association (ALA)?

    1. Accuracy 2. Authority 3. Objectivity 4. Currency 5. Coverage

33. What is meant by accuracy?

    The overall reliability of the information on the site by providing a clear description of who authored the site and for what purposes.

34. What is meant by authority?

    It indicates the credentials of the author or authors as well as the nature of the site itself- commercial or not for profit.

35. What is meant by objectivity?

    It tests whether the information on the site is fair and non-biased, including being entirely or largely free of advertising.

36. What is meant by currency?

    The site is up-to-date with recent information and updates are clearly indicated.

37. What is meant by coverage?

    It suggests that the information on the site can be viewed easily without difficulties or commercial messages.

38. What is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)?

    A Web address with a designation at the end indicating the purpose and goal of the site.

39. What do the designations at the end of a URL mean?

    1.__.com (for commercial business) indicates that the site has a commercial purpose whose goal is to either sell its content or to promote the sales of products mentioned or advertised on the site 2.__.org (for organizations) is used by nonprofit organizations 3. __.gov (for government) is reserved for sites created by government agencies 4. __.net (for network organizations) means the site is a network provider 5. __.edu (for educational organizations) designates schools and colleges 6. __.mil (for military) is for military organizations

40. What is Cognitive load?

    The presentation of information on a Web page either supports or restricts understanding and learning.

41. What are the six questions teachers or students should ask in order to address the issue of cognitive load when evaluating a Web site?

    1. Is there an overload of information being presented? 2. Are the visuals used to enhance the text presented? 3. Do the graphics take over the Web page? 4. Are there a lot of media techniques used? 5. Is the information organized and clearly presented? 6. Does the site meet the needs of visual, auditory, or kinesthetic learners equally?

42. List the four different problems that students encounter and need to recognize when finding information on the Web.

    1. Misinformation 2. Malinformation 3. Messed-up information 4. Mostly useless information

43. What is misinformation?

    Information on the internet that is false, out of date, or misleading.

44. What is malinformation?

    Information on the Internet that is harmful or damaging.

45. What is messed-up information?

    Information on the internet that is messed up or hard to use.

46. What is mostly useless information?

    Information on the internet that is trivial and irrelevant.
47. What are the five information management and control strategies that can be used to evaluate the usefulness and validity of information found on the web? 1. Censorship 2. Filtering software 3. Partitions 4. Labels 5. Critical reading

48. What is censorship?

    A method used to block objectionable Internet content.

49. What is filtering software?

    A technology used to block unwanted or objectionable websites from appearing on school computers.

50. What is a partition?

    A method used to block material from computers by identifying objectionable key words or phrases.

51. What are labels?

    A rating system of Web materials similar to those used by movie and game making companies to represent the type of content on a Web site.

52. What is critical reading?

    Carefully analyzing Web pages to uncover their meaning.

53. What is plagiarism?

    Directly copying or misrepresenting someone else’s work as one’s own.

54. What are the three factors that contribute to plagiarism in today’s schools?

    1. Easy access of materials on the Web 2. The pressure to succeed with high-stakes testing and good grades 3. Misassumption and misunderstanding of the rules by students

55. What are three plagiarism checking services teachers can subscribe to?

    1. Turnitinhttps://www.turnitin.com/static/index.php 2. Ithenticatehttp://www.ithenticate.com/ 3. Canexushttp://www.canexus.com/

56. What are the seven ways James McKenzie has identified to combat plagiarism while learning important research and thinking skills?

    1. Distinguish levels or types of research 2. Discourage “trivial pursuits” 3. Emphasize essential questions 4. Require and enable students construct answers 5. Focus on information storage systems 6. Stress citation ethics 7. Assess progress throughout the entire research process
57. All information used in the preparation of this study guide is from: Maloy, Robert W. "Chapter 5 Researching and Evaluating Internet Information." Transforming Learning with New Technologies. By Ruth-Ellen Verock-O'Loughlin, Sharon A. Edwards, and Beverly park Wolf. Boston: Pearson/Allynand Bacon, 2011. 112-41. Print.