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Bridges

Bridges. Types and Characteristics. What do they do?. Bridges provide a way to get from one place to another that would have been hard to get to, due to an obstacle. Such as: a river, highway, valley, railroad tracks etc. Major Types of Bridges. Beam Arch Truss Suspension. Beam Bridge.

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Bridges

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  1. Bridges Types and Characteristics

  2. What do they do? • Bridges provide a way to get from one place to another that would have been hard to get to, due to an obstacle. Such as: a river, highway, valley, railroad tracks etc.

  3. Major Types of Bridges • Beam • Arch • Truss • Suspension

  4. Beam Bridge Probably the simplest of bridges. Made from a section that rests on two supports. One at each end. The weight of the bridge and any traffic on it is directly supported by the supports. The weight is traveling directly downward.

  5. Beam Bridge continued • CompressionThe force of compression manifests itself on the top side of the beam bridge's deck (or roadway). This causes the upper portion of the deck to shorten. • TensionThe result of the compression on the upper portion of the deck causes tension in the lower portion of the deck. This tension causes the lower portion of the beam to lengthen. • The length of beam bridges are limited Where the forces are felt

  6. Arch Bridge A curved structure. Its strength comes from exerting a force down and sideways, against abutments. This “spreads” the weight/force. The design of the arch, the semicircle, naturally diverts the weight from the bridge deck to the abutments

  7. Arch Bridge, continued • CompressionArch bridges are always under compression. The force of compression is pushed outward along the curve of the arch toward the abutments. • TensionThe natural curve of the arch and its ability to dissipate the force outward greatly reduces the effects of tension on the underside of the arch. The larger the semicircle of the arch, the greater the effects of tension on the underside. The shape of the arch effectively dissipates the weight from the center of the deck to the abutments. The size of an arch bridge can be limited. Where it rests

  8. Truss Bridge A truss bridge is a type of beam bridge made from a large number of trusses. A truss is a triangular shape in the framework of the bridge. A truss has the ability to dissipate a load through the truss work. The design of a truss, which is usually a variant of a triangle, creates both a very rigid structure and one that transfers the load from a single point to a considerably wider area. Often used in Railroad bridges

  9. Suspension Bridge Supported on huge cables anchored into the ground

  10. Suspension bridges have cables strung across whatever the obstacle happens to be and the deck is suspended from these cables. Modern suspension bridges have two tall towers through which the cables are strung. The towers are supporting the majority of the roadway's weight. • CompressionThe force of compression pushes down on the suspension bridge's deck, but because it is a suspended roadway, the cables transfer the compression to the towers, which dissipate the compression directly into the earth where they are firmly entrenched. Suspension Bridge

  11. MORE….Suspension Brides • Tension The supporting cables, running between the two anchorages, receive the tension forces. The cables are stretched from the weight of the bridge and its traffic as they run from anchorage to anchorage. The anchorages are also under tension, but since they, like the towers, are held firmly to the earth, the tension they experience is dissipated. • Most all suspension bridges also have a supporting truss system beneath the bridge deck (a deck truss). This helps to stiffen the deck and reduce the tendency of the roadway to sway and ripple.

  12. Parts And Forces

  13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lXyG68_caV4&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zpUL6sZs6J4

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