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Usage of the Present Subjunctive

Usage of the Present Subjunctive. 1. As commands:. Comamos en el restaurante El Pueblo. Let’s eat at El Pueblo Restaurant. Abran sus libros en la pagina diez. Open your books to page 10. This is the ONLY time the subjunctive will be used as the main verb in a simple sentence.

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Usage of the Present Subjunctive

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  1. Usage of the Present Subjunctive

  2. 1. As commands: Comamos en el restaurante El Pueblo. Let’s eat at El Pueblo Restaurant. Abran sus libros en la pagina diez. Open your books to page 10. This is the ONLY time the subjunctive will be used as the main verb in a simple sentence.

  3. 2. Complex Sentences There are three conditions that must be met in order to use the subjunctive: a. There must be a dependent clause introduced by the word “que” (that). I hope that you have enough money to buy the book. In English “that” is optional. In Spanish it is required!

  4. b. The subject of the main clause is different than the subject of the dependent clause. I hope that you have enough money to buy the book. c. The verb in the main clause MUST express doubt, desire, uncertainty, emotion or command.

  5. Verbs/Impersonal Expressions that take the Subjunctive esperar to hope dudar to doubt negar (ie) to deny temer to be afraid querer to want recomendar to recommend gustar to like preferir to prefer es probable it’s probable es necesario it’s necessary es dudoso it’s doubtful es posible it’s possible If one of these is the main verb AND you have conditions a AND b, then you need the subjunctive.

  6. Example: El consejerorecomiendaqueyotomeálgebra. b. c. a. b. Example: Esposiblequeyotomeálgebra. b. c. a. b.

  7. If the main verb of the sentence does NOT express doubt, desire, uncertainty, emotion or a command, then use the Indicative!

  8. Expressions that do NOT take Subjunctive estar seguro creer to be sure to believe pensar (ie) saber to know to think es cierto es evidente it is certain it is evident es verdad no hay duda it is true there is no doubt

  9. Example: Es cierto que no tenemos el examen hoy. It is certain we don’t have a test today. Yo creo que Marta es bonita. I think that Martha is pretty.

  10. If there is no change of subject (ie.“que”) in the sentence, then use the INFINITIVE. Yo quiero que tú comas ahora. BUT Yo quiero comer ahora.

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