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Bridges

Bridges. By: Alaa, Dustin, Kamran, and Maggie. Importance. Necessary to daily life Makes for easy transportation over water or valleys Makes land travel faster and more efficient. History. Bridges have been around since before the first century A.D.

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Bridges

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  1. Bridges By: Alaa, Dustin, Kamran, and Maggie

  2. Importance • Necessary to daily life • Makes for easy transportation over water or valleys • Makes land travel faster and more efficient

  3. History • Bridges have been around since before the first century A.D. • A main use was to move water to where it was needed though aqueducts

  4. History • In the late 1700’s cast iron was innovated into bridges. • With the innovation of steel mills came stronger and longer bridges, such as the suspension bridge

  5. Types of Bridges • Arch Bridges • Beam Bridges • Suspension Bridges • Truss Bridges

  6. Arch Bridges • One of the oldest types of bridges • The weight of the bridge is carried out along the curve of the arch • This support takes the load and keeps the ends from flatting out • Mostly constructed from stone or brick

  7. Beam Bridges • Consists of a horizontal beam • Made from almost anything; wood, stone, steel, ect. • Supported at each end by piers • Weight of the beam pushes down on the piers, without them the bridge would sink into the ground

  8. Suspension Bridges • Suspended roadway by cables, sometimes spanning the length of the bridge • Cables rest on top of towers, this enables the main cable to be draped over long distances • Must be constantly maintenance to perform properly

  9. Truss Bridges • A beam bridge with two sides that extend to the top and or bottom are the trusses • Hold the weight of the bridge in the truss • Most common design of truss or the interior of a truss is triangles

  10. Active Forces • Tension- The state of being stretched • Torsion- To twist in opposing directions • Compression- To push together • Shear- Two objects to slide past one another in opposing directions

  11. Triangles • One of the most stabilizing force in architecture • If weight is applied onto a triangle the pressure due to compression is distributed evenly • Only if a side of the triangle is compromised will the triangle fail and break • They are used in bridges, buildings and towers

  12. Rigidity • When a triangle is added to a structure it becomes more rigid • When a structure is more rigid it can be made longer and bigger

  13. Engineering • To engineer a bridge theorems and postulates are used • If a triangle did not add up to 180 in a truss then the truss would have no support

  14. No Geometry? • Without geometry life would be very basic • There would be no large bridges, planes, trains, cars or other forms of transportation • Buildings would not be more than a story tall

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