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Cells Pg 69

Cells Pg 69. 1 st found by Robert Hooke in cork. Next, Leeuwenhoek found cells of single celled protists in water. Schleiden found plant cells Schwann found animal cells Virchow said cells come from cells. 2 Types of Cells.

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Cells Pg 69

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  1. Cells Pg 69 1st found by Robert Hooke in cork

  2. Next, Leeuwenhoek found cells of single celled protists in water.

  3. Schleiden found plant cells • Schwann found animal cells • Virchow said cells come from cells

  4. 2 Types of Cells • Prokaryote – no organelles, only DNA and ribosomes, Ex: Bacteria and Archae • Eukaryote – true cells with all organelles, Ex: plants, animals, protists, fungi

  5. Parts of Cell • Cell (Plasma) Membrane – two layers of phospholipids tail to tail, controls ins and outs

  6. 2. Nucleus – chromosomes, nucleolus to make ribosomes (make protein)

  7. 3. Mitochondria - make energy called ATP

  8. 4. Endoplasmic Reticulum – smooth with no ribosomes, rough with ribosomes, transport proteins

  9. 5. Golgi Body – package proteins

  10. 6. Lysosomes – destroy old or foreign materials in cell

  11. 7. Centrioles – help cells to divide chromosomes and organelles when reproducing

  12. Cytoskeleton (Support Structures) • Microtubules – cilia and flagella for movement • Microfilaments – muscles • Intermediate filaments – hair follicles

  13. Differences in Plant Cells • Box shaped cell wall for support • Large vacuole for water and support • Chloroplasts for photosynthesis

  14. Chapter 5 Pg 97Passive Transport- no energy required • Diffusion – highlow concentration • Osmosis – diffusion of water • Turgor pressure – Pg 100, water in contractile vacuole makes plant stand

  15. Facilitated diffusion – carrier proteins help molecules across the cell membrane ex: insulin helps sugar • Ion channels – gates for Na & K

  16. Isotonic – equal solute in&out of cell • Hypertonic – more solute outside, cell shrivels ex: salt water • Hypotonic – more solute in cell, cell swells • Water always goes toward solute!!

  17. Active Transport Pg 103requires energy • Na-K pump – muscles need Na outside and K inside even if already in high conc • Endocytosis – cell membrane grabbing in ex: pinocytosis – liquid phagocytosis – solid (WBC eat bacteria) • Exocytosis – cell spitting out

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