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Section 3: European Footholds in Southeast Asia and India

Chapter 15: The First Global Age. Section 3: European Footholds in Southeast Asia and India. Section 3: European Footholds. Portugal was the first European power to gain a foothold in Asia. Section 3: European Footholds.

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Section 3: European Footholds in Southeast Asia and India

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  1. Chapter 15: The First Global Age Section 3: European Footholds in Southeast Asia and India

  2. Section 3: European Footholds Portugal was the first European power to gain a foothold in Asia

  3. Section 3: European Footholds Superior firepower helped win control of the spice trade and build a trading empire in Asia

  4. I. Portugal's Empire in the East In 1510, the Portuguese seized Goa and made it a major military and colonial base

  5. I. Portugal's Empire in the East Afonso de Albuquerque ended Muslim power by burning coastal towns and sinking Arab fleets Afonso "the Great" de Albuquerque - Builder of Portugal's Eastern Empire

  6. I. Portugal's Empire in the East In 1511, Albuquerque took Malacca and massacred Muslims, making the Europeans hated and feared

  7. A. Trading Outposts Within 50 years, the Portuguese had built a trading empire across the southern seas

  8. A. Trading Outposts For most of the 1500s, Portugal controlled the spice trade between Europe and Asia

  9. B. Impactof the Portuguese The Portuguese did not conquer much territory and remained on the fringe of Asian trade

  10. B. Impactof the Portuguese In stronger empires like India and China they received permission to trade

  11. B. Impactof the Portuguese The intolerance of Portuguese missionaries caused resentment

  12. B. Impactof the Portuguese The Portuguese sank pilgrim ships going to Mecca, destroyed Hindu temples, and introduced the Inquisition

  13. II. Rise of the Dutch The Dutch were the first Europeans to challenge Portuguese domination in Asia

  14. A. Sea Power In 1599, a Dutch fleet returned from Asia carrying a cargo of pepper, cloves, and other spices The Return of the Dutch East India Fleet, 1 May 1599

  15. A. Sea Power Investors earned a 100% profit, leading to a frenzy of overseas activity

  16. A. Sea Power Dutch warships and trading vessels put the Netherlands in the forefront of European commerce

  17. A. Sea Power The Dutch used their sea power to set up colonies and trading posts around the world

  18. B. Dutch Dominance In 1602, a group of wealthy Dutch merchants formed the Dutch East India Company Dutch East India Company (Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie)

  19. B. Dutch Dominance In 1641, they captured Malacca from the Portuguese and opened trade with China

  20. B. Dutch Dominance The Dutch used military force to establish a monopoly over trade and shipping in the Spice Islands

  21. B. Dutch Dominance Trade made the Dutch wealthy but by the 1700s, England and France had taken over

  22. Chapter 15: The First Global Age Section 3: European Footholds in Southeast Asia and India

  23. III. Spain Seizes the Philippines Magellan claimed the archipelago in 1521 and within 50 years, Spain had colonized the islands

  24. III. Spain Seizes the Philippines The Philippines became a key link in Spain's overseas trading empire

  25. III. Spain Seizes the Philippines The Spanish shipped silver from Mexico and Peru to the Philippines and used it to buy goods in China

  26. IV. Mughal India and European Traders Before the 1700s, European traders made little impression on India

  27. A. Industry and Commerce India was the world leader in textile manufacturing and exported quantities of silk and cotton cloth

  28. A. Industry and Commerce The Mughal empire, founded in 1526 by Babur, was larger, richer, and more powerful than any kingdom in Europe Emperor Babur

  29. A. Industry and Commerce The Portuguese, Dutch, English, and French were permitted to build forts and warehouses in coastal towns

  30. B. Turmoil and Decline Conflicts between Hindu and Muslim princes and years of civil war drained Mughal resources

  31. B. Turmoil and Decline In the early 1700s, corruption became widespread and the government collapsed

  32. C. British-French Rivalry French and English trading companies made alliances with local officials and independent rajahs

  33. C. British-French Rivalry Each company organized its own army of sepoys, or Indian troops Sepoys of the Bombay, Bengal and Madras armies

  34. C. British-French Rivalry By the mid-1700s, the British and French were fighting for global power

  35. C. British-French Rivalry War erupted in Europe in 1756 and spread to their colonies in Asia and the Americas

  36. C. British-French Rivalry June 23 1757: Battle of Plassey, India. Robert Clive commanding 700 English troops, 550 sailors, 1700 native troops, and 14 guns defeats Suraj, the Nawab of Bengal, commanding 40000 cavalry, 60000 foot troops, 50 elephants, and 30 guns served by French artillerists. Clive’s guns out range those of his opponents, and the Bengalis flee in panic after their cavalry are defeated. The Nawab is later murdered by his own people. Robert Clive of the British East India Company used an army of British troops and sepoys to drive the French from their trading posts

  37. C. British-French Rivalry By the late 1700s, the British East India Company had become the de facto ruler of Bengal and influenced other parts of India

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