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Introduction to An ASHRAE Professional Development Course Cutting Utility Costs through Strategic Energy Management Draft 01/21/06. 1. Introduction to An ASHRAE Professional Development Course Strategic Energy Management: Cost Savings, Environmental Stewardship, and More! Draft 01/21/06. 2.
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Introduction to An ASHRAE Professional Development CourseCutting Utility CoststhroughStrategic Energy ManagementDraft01/21/06 1
Introduction to An ASHRAE Professional Development CourseStrategic Energy Management:Cost Savings, Environmental Stewardship,and More!Draft01/21/06 2
Introduction to An ASHRAE Professional Development CourseCost Savings andEnvironmental Stewardship throughStrategic Energy ManagementDraft01/21/06 3
Introduction to An ASHRAE Professional Development CourseStrategic Energy Management: Cost Savings andEnvironmental StewardshipDraft01/21/06 4
Energy Management • An On-line course, presented in 2-hour segments: • BENEFITS OF ENERGY MANAGEMENT / GETTING STARTED • ENERGY MANAGEMENT FLOW CHART • ENERGY MANAGER JOB DESCRIPTION • OVERCOMING BARRIERS • ESTABLISH COMMUNICATIONS • UNDERSTANDING AND ORGANIZING UTILITY BILLS DEVELOPING AND ANALYZING PROFILES • BENCHMARKING AND SETTING TARGETS • PURCHASING ENERGY • OFF-PEAK OPTIONS • ENERGY AUDITS • IMPLEMENTING ECM’S • CONTINUOUS MONITORING – REPORT SUCCESS 5
Today’s Agenda Impact of Energy Management What is Energy Management? Simple Resources for Getting Started Resources at work Examples of success 6
Energy Sources Energy Consumption Solar Etc. Hydroelectric 7
Energy Management • Buildings consume 38.5% of US energy • A 33% reduction will save 13% of US energy • 4 times the environmental impact of renewable energy! 8
Energy Management Systematic approach to energy conservation Assess needs Prioritize resources Take action Potential Cost Effective Savings: 10% - 30% A MANAGEMENT PROCESS!! 9
Energy Management 101 20 Story Office Building • 200,000 S.F. • 5 years old, no energy conservation • Complex, energy intensive HVAC systems • No building automation system Actions by Facility Manager • Read meters daily • Obtain previous day’s weather data • Harass/Compliment Building Engineer daily Result after 1 year: • Energy Use Reduced One-Third! 11
Bottom-Line Energy Management Regular Monitoring Benchmarking Accountability 12
Energy Star Guidelines for Energy Management http://www.energystar.gov Guidelines for Energy Management 13
A Useful Utility Database Facility name, address Climate Zone Function(s) Gross area Metered use by specific dates Energy Cost Calculate Indices ECI EUI 16
Indices ECI: Energy Cost Index = $/SF/yr EUI: Energy Utilization Index = kBTU/SF/yr (Annual kWH X 3.413) =_____kBTU + (Annual Therms X 100) =_____kBTU Total Annual Energy =_____kBTU EUI = Total Annual Energy ÷ SF = kBTU/SF/yr Example: Lowell Hall @ UW, 1996 (1,209,319 kWH X 3.413) = 4,127,000 kBTU + (83,642 Therms X 100) = 8,364,200 kBTU Total Annual Energy = 12,491,200 kBTU EUI = 12,491,200 kBTU ÷ 117,600 S.F. = 106.2 kBTU/SF/yr 17
Zone 4 19
Zone 4 20
Zone 4 21
Utility Profiles Annual Profile of Monthly Data Daily Profile of 15 minute Data 24
Annual Profile of Monthly Data Madison Church 25
Annual Profile of Monthly Data Madison Church 26
Madison Bank 27
Annual Profile of Monthly Data Madison Bank 28
Daily Profile of 15 Minute Data Honolulu Office Building 30
Benchmarking Energy Intensity of Office Buildings Number of Buildings Number of Buildings 25 25 50 50 75 75 100 100 1 1 29.9 29.9 86.0 86.0 165.7 165.7 121.1 121.1 339.4 339.4 EPA Rating & Energy Intensity (kBtu/ft2-year) EPA Rating & Energy Intensity (kBtu/ft2-year) Worst Performers Worst Performers Best Performers Best Performers • Normalized EUI varies widely • Age and equipment not significant drivers of EUI 32
34 EnergyStar Target Finder http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=target_finder
Target Page in Portfolio Managerhttp://www.energystar.gov/benchmark 35
Two Types of Action Discretionary Facility Operation Energy Audits and Capital Improvements 37
Discretionary Facility Operation 20 Story Office Building • 200,000 S.F. • 5 years old, no energy conservation • Complex, energy intensive HVAC systems • No building automation system Actions by Facility Manager • Read meters daily • Obtain previous day’s weather data • Harass/Compliment Building Engineer daily Result after 1 year: • Energy Use Reduced One-Third! 40
Discretionary Opportunities Match running time to activities Lower hot water and hot air temperatures Raise chilled water and cold air temperatures Lower fan pressure in ducts Lower pump pressure in piping Experiment with all setpoints 41
Disincentives for the building engineer Risk of occupant discomfort Risk of equipment failure Experimentation can be terrifying 42
Incentives for the building engineer Regular monitoring by the manager Managerial encouragement to experiment Occasional, brief discomfort is OK Teamwork 43